SAMPA chart

SAMPA charts of consonants and vowels

Note that you will need a font that supports the Unicode [http://www.alanwood.net/unicode/ipa_extensions.html IPA Extensions] to see the IPA characters.

"Warning: this chart is an attempt to gather information of "national" SAMPA subcharts: the charts here contain conflicting characters. Most of the information here is therefore only valid for English and some other European languages. For a unified, general ASCII representation of the IPA symbols X-SAMPA should be used."

Consonants

- align="center"! Fricatives

Note: It is common, especially in Spanish and Italian, to represent the alveolar trill with [rr] and the alveolar flap with [r] . In Spanish, too, [jj] is used to represent the palatal fricative against the semivowel [j] . It has been proposed to use [4] for the alveolar flap, in which case [r] can be used to represent the trill (as its equivalent in the IPA system), and [j] for the palatal fricative, keeping in this way the policy of using one letter per one IPA symbol (The backslash is used to generate alternative symbols).

Consonant modifiers:
* [ ` ] after a consonant indicates retroflex.
* [ _a ] apical (IPA subscript inverted bridge): [s_a] apical 's'
* [ _d ] dental (IPA subscript bridge)
* [ _G ] velarized diacritic (IPA superscipt gamma)
* [ _h ] aspirated diacritic (IPA superscript h)
* [ _j, ' ] palatalized. (IPA superscript j)
* [ _m ] laminal (IPA subscript box)
* [ _w ] labialized diacritic (IPA superscript w)
* [ _< ] implosive (voiced stops) (IPA hooktop)
* [ _> ] ejective (voiceless stops)
* [ _=, = ] syllabic, as in US bird [b=rd] (also written [b3`d] ), bottle ["bOt=l] , button ["bVt=n]

implified list of consonants

Stress is indicated by ["] for primary stress, and [%] for secondary stress, placed before the stressed syllable. [http://www.phon.ucl.ac.uk/home/sampa/home.htm]

SAMPA charts for specific languages

* SAMPA chart for English sounds
* (in the Hungarian Wikipedia)