Anagallis

Taxobox
name = "Anagallis"

---

image_width = 250px
image_caption = Scarlet Pimpernel ("Anagallis arvensis")
regnum = Plantae
divisio = Magnoliophyta
classis = Magnoliopsida
ordo = Ericales
familia = Myrsinaceae
genus = "Anagallis"
genus_authority = L.
subdivision_ranks = Species
subdivision = many, see text:"For the 2nd century BC grammarian sometimes thought to be named Anagallis, see Agallis.""Anagallis" is a genus of about 20–25 species of flowering plants in the myrsine family Myrsinaceae, commonly called pimpernel and perhaps best known for the Scarlet pimpernel referred to in literature.

These are annual or perennial plants, growing in tufts on weedy and uncultivated areas. The stems are prostrate with ovate to cordate leaves. The flowers of the different species show miscellaneous colors. They are radially symmetrical with five petals. They grow usually in the leaf axils, but sometimes as short spikes at the top of the stem. Pimpernel flowers remain open only under direct sun-light.

They were formerly classified as members of the primrose family (Primulaceae), but a genetic and morphological study by Källersjö et al. (1999; see references) showed that they belong to the Myrsinaceae. Another study by Ulrika Manns and Arne A. Anderberg (2005), based on molecular phylogeny, states the genus in its present circumscription is paraphyletic and should also include in its clade the small genera "Asterolinon" and "Pelletiera", as well as two "Lysimachia" species ("Lysimachia nemorum" and "Lysimachia serpyllifolia").

Species

*"Anagallis acuminata" - (Angola)
*"Anagallis alternifolia" - (Chile)
*"Anagallis arvensis" - Scarlet Pimpernel, Red Pimpernel (Europe; syn. *"A. parviflora", "A. platyphylla", "A. phoenicea")
*"Anagallis barbata" - (Brazil)
*"Anagallis brevipes" - (Tanzania)
*"Anagallis crassifolia " - (Spain, Morocco)
*"Anagallis djalonis " - (tropical Africa)
*"Anagallis filiformis" - (Brazil)
*"Anagallis foemina" - Blue Pimpernel (Europe; syn. "A. caerulea")
*"Anagallis gracilipes" - (Zimbabwe)
*"Anagallis hexamera" - (Ethiopia, Kenya)
*"Anagallis kingaensis " - (tropical Africa)
*"Anagallis minima" - Chaffweed (Europe; syn. "A. centunculus", previously "Centunculus minimus")
*"Anagallis monelli" - Flaxleaf Pimpernel (Mediterranean; syn. "A. linifolia")
*"Anagallis nummulariifolia" - (Madagascar)
*"Anagallis oligantha " - (Malawi)
*"Anagallis peploides" - (Madagascar)
*"Anagallis pumila" - Florida Pimpernel (Americas)
*"Anagallis rubricaulis" - (Madagascar)
*"Anagallis schliebenii " - (Tanzania)
*"Anagallis serpens" - (eastern Africa)
*"Anagallis tenella" - Bog Pimpernel (Europe; syn. "A. repens ")
*"Anagallis tenuicaulis" - (Madagascar)
*"Anagallis tsaratananae " - (Madagascar)

References

*cite journal | quotes=no|aurhors = Källersjö, M., G. Bergqvist & A. A. Anderberg|year = 2000| title = Generic realignment in primuloid families of the Ericales s. l.: a phylogenetic analysis based on DNA sequences from three chloroplast genes and morphology| journal= Amer. J. Bot.|volume = 87| pages = 1325–1341| doi = 10.2307/2656725| author = Kallersjo, Mari ( [http://www.amjbot.org/cgi/reprint/87/9/1325 available online] ).
*cite journal | quotes=no| author = Ulrika Manns and Arne A. Anderberg| year = 2005| title = Molecular Phylogeny of Anagallis (Myrsinaceae) Based on ITS, trnL-F, and ndhF Sequence Data| journal = International Journal of Plant Sciences|volume= 166|pages = 1019–1028| doi = 10.1086/449318