- Sebastian Peregrin Zwyer
Sebastian Peregrin Zwyer (of Evibach) (1597 –
February 15 ,1661 ) was a Swiss military commander, mercenary entrepreneur, and one of the foremost politicians of theOld Swiss Confederacy in the seventeenth century.A native of the Swiss canton of
Uri (he was probably born inKlingnau ), Zwyer initially pursued a military career. From 1612 to 1617, he served in a mercenary regiment in the service ofSpain and Milan; from 1619 to 1642 he was in service for theHabsburg emperors, first for Ferdinand II and then Ferdinand III. Zwyer fought in several battles of theThirty Years' War . He participated in theBattle of White Mountain in 1620, fought atGlückstadt in 1624, atMantova in 1630, and atNördlingen in 1634.In 1635 he was promoted to the rank of "Generalmajor" and made a member of the emperor's staff, where he was responsible for reforming the armies following the Swedish example. From 1638 to 1641 he again fought in northern
Italy , commanding his own regiment ofSwiss mercenaries .In 1642 he returned to Uri and became active in the local politics. 1643 the emperor named Zwyer his official envoy in the Confederacy. From 1644 to 1659, he filled the top positions in Uri: he was one of the two representatives of Uri at the "
Tagsatzung ", the federal council of the Old Swiss Confederacy, and from 1647 on also the "Landammann " (head of state) of the canton. In 1648, the "Tagsatzung" designated him andJohann Rudolf Wettstein , the mayor ofBasel , the official negotiators of the Confederacy at theTreaty of Westphalia with the task to ensure the formal exemption of the Confederacy from theHoly Roman Empire .During the
Swiss peasant war of 1653 , Zwyer commanded the joint troops of the city ofLucerne andUri , putting down the revolt in theEntlebuch valley in thecanton of Lucerne . Three years later, he again commandedCatholic troops in the First war of Villmergen, a religiously motivated civil war in the Old Swiss Confederacy.References
*HDS|15530|Zwyer, Sebastian Peregrin (von Evibach)|author=Zurfluh, A.|date=2002-10-07 URL last accessed
2006-11-21 .Further reading
*Zurfluh, A.: "Sebastian Peregrin Zwyer von Evebach. Eine sozio-kulturelle Biographie eines innerschweizerischen Kriegsmannes im Dienste der Habsburger während des Dreissigjährigen Krieges"; Thesis Verlag 1993. ISBN 3-908544-05-X.
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