- 329 BC
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Events
By place
Macedonian Empire
* From Phrada,
Alexander the Great presses on up the valley of theHelmand River , throughArachosia , and over the mountains past the site of modernKabul into the country of theParopamisade , where he foundsAlexandria by the Caucasus .
* InBactria ,Bessus raises a national revolt in the eastern satrapies using the title of King Artaxerxes IV of Persia.
* Crossing theHindu Kush northward, probably over theKhawak Pass [Smith, Vincent A. (1908) "The Early History of India", p. 45. Oxford. The Clarendon Press.] , Alexander brings his army, despite food shortages, to Drapsaka. Outflanked, Bessus flees beyond the Oxus river.
* Marching west to Bactra (Zariaspa), Alexander appointsArtabazus of Phrygia as thesatrap ofBactria .
* Crossing the Oxus, Alexander sends his general Ptolemy in pursuit of Bessus. In the meantime, Bessus is overthrown by theSogdia nSpitamenes . Bessus is captured, flogged, and sent to Ptolemy in Bactria with the hope of appeasing Alexander. In due course, Bessus is publicly executed atEcbatana . With the death of Bessus (Artaxerxes IV), Persian resistance to Alexander the Great ceases.
* FromMaracanda , Alexander advances through Cyropolis to theJaxartes river, the boundary of the Persian Empire. There he breaks the opposition of theScythia n nomads by his use of catapults and, after defeating them in a battle on the north bank of the river, pursues them into the interior. On the site of modernKhojent on the Jaxartes, he founds a city,Alexandria Eschate , "the farthest."Births
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Deaths
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Bessus (Artaxerxes IV), Persian nobleman and satrap of Bactria, and later the last claimant to the Achaemenid throne of PersiaReferences
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