Treaty of Tartu (Russian–Finnish)
- Treaty of Tartu (Russian–Finnish)
The Treaty of Tartu (Russian: "Тартуский мирный договор", Finnish: "Tarton rauha") between Finland and Soviet Russia was signed on 14 October 1920 after negotiations that lasted for four months. The treaty confirmed the border between Finland and Soviet Russia after the Finnish civil war and Finnish volunteer expeditions in Russian East Karelia.
The treaty confirmed that the Finnish-Soviet border would follow the old border between the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland and Imperial Russia. Finland additionally received Petsamo, with its ice-free harbour on the Arctic Ocean. As far back as 1864, Tsar Alexander II had promised to join Petsamo to Finland in exchange for a piece of the Karelian Isthmus [Pieni tietosanakirja, [http://runeberg.org/pieni/3/0429.html] "The senate had suggested in 1863 that if the promise of handing over the weapons factory in question and its surrounding area to Russia could be realized, then the above mentioned coastal region could be given to Finland. In 1864 there were imperial statute about that, but that never occurred." (translation from Finnish)] . Finland also agreed to leave the joined and then occupied areas of Repola (joined to Finland during the Viena expedition) and Porajärvi (joined during the Aunus expedition) in Russian East Karelia. The treaty also had some articles besides area and border issues, including Soviet guarantee of free navigation of merchant ships from the Finnish ports in Lake Ladoga (Laatokka in Finnish) to the Gulf of Finland via the River Neva. Finland guaranteed land transit from Soviet Union to Norway via the Petsamo area. Also, Finland agreed to disarm the coastal fortress in Ino opposite the Soviet city Kronstadt located on the island of Kotlin. The Finnish outer islands in the Gulf of Finland were demilitarized.
The treaty was broken by the Soviet Union in 1939 when it started the Winter War.
The Finnish delegation
* Juho Kusti Paasikivi, leader
* Juho Vennola
* Alexander Frey
* Rudolf Walden
* Väinö Tanner
* Väinö Voionmaa
* Väinö Kivilinna
Soviet Delegation
* Jan Antonovitš Behrsin-Siemelis
* Platon Michailovitš Keršentsev
* Nikolai Sergejevitš Tihmenjev
* Alexandr Alexandrovitš Samojlo
* Evgenij Andreevitš Berens
Notes
See also
* List of Finnish treaties
* Treaty of Tartu (Russian–Estonian)
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