Neanderthal 1

Neanderthal 1
Type Specimen, Neanderthal 1

Feldhofer 1, Neanderthal 1 is the common name for the initial 40,000-year-old Neanderthal specimen found in Kleine Feldhofer Grotte in August 1856. It represents the beginning of paleoanthropology as a scientific discipline.

The discovery was made in Feldhofer grotto in a limestone quarry located in Neanderthal, Germany. Neanderthal 1 consisted of a skull cap, two femora, the three right arm bones, two of the left arm bones, ilium, and fragments of a scapula and ribs. The fossils were given by quarry workers to a local teacher and amateur naturalist, Johann Karl Fuhlrott. The description of the remains was determined by anatomist Hermann Schaffhausen. The find was announced jointly in 1857.[1]

As well as the unique historical importance of this specimen it has continued to play a key role since its discovery.

In 1999 scientists announced that careful detective work had led them to some of the sediments from the now destroyed Feldhofer grotto with fragments of Neanderthal bones including one that fit exactly to the original femur.[2]

In 1997 the Neanderthal type specimen was the first to yield ancient mtDNA sequences.[3]

Location of Neander Valley, Germany

References

  1. ^ Archaeology.Info
  2. ^ Neanderthal Man type site rediscovered
  3. ^ Krings, Matthias; Stone, Anne; Schmitz, Ralf W; Krainitzki, Heike; Stoneking, Mark; Pääbo, Svante (1997). "Neandertal DNA Sequences and the Origin of Modern Humans". Cell 90 (1): 19–30. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80310-4. PMID 9230299. 

See also

External links


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  • Neanderthal — ► NOUN 1) (also Neanderthal man) an extinct human living in ice age Europe between c.120,000 35,000 years ago. 2) informal an uncivilized or uncouth man. ORIGIN from Neanderthal, a region in Germany where remains of Neanderthal man were found …   English terms dictionary

  • Neanderthal — Ne*an der*thal , prop. n. 1. (Anthropol.) A neanderthal human being; a member of the race {Homo sapiens} neanderthalensis; as, neanderthals were shorter than modern humans. [PJC] 2. One resembling a neanderthal human; a troglodyte; a cave man.… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Neanderthal — Ne*an der*thal , prop. a. 1. (Anthropol.) Of, pertaining to, or named from, the Neanderthal, a valley in the Rhine Province, in which were found parts of a skeleton of an early type of man. The skull is characterized by extreme dolichocephaly,… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Neanderthal — V. «hombre de Neanderthal». * * * VER Neandertal …   Enciclopedia Universal

  • Neanderthal — (adj.) 1861, in reference to a type of extinct hominid, from Ger. Neanderthal Neander Valley, name of a gorge near Düsseldorf where humanoid fossils were identified in 1856. The place name is from the Graecized form of Joachim Neumann (lit. new… …   Etymology dictionary

  • Neanderthal — [nē an′dərtäl΄nē an′dər thôl΄, nē an′dərtäl΄] adj. [Ger, lit., Neander valley (Ger thal, tal, valley, akin to DALE): after Joachim Neander (1650 80), Ger hymn writer] 1. designating, of, or from a valley in the Rhine Province, Germany 2.… …   English World dictionary

  • neanderthal — eanderthal adj. 1. uncouth in manners or appearance. Syn: boorish, clownish, loutish, oafish. [WordNet 1.5] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Neanderthal — Neanderthal, Thal bei Hochdahl im Kreise Elberfeld des Regierungsbezirks Düsseldorf (preußische Rheinprovinz); Marmorbrüche u. Schleifereien …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Neanderthal — → Neandertal …   Diccionario panhispánico de dudas

  • Neanderthal — For other uses, see Neanderthal (disambiguation). Neanderthal Temporal range: Middle to Late Pleistocene 0.6–0.03 Ma …   Wikipedia

  • Neanderthal — Das Neandertal (51° 13′ 36″  …   Deutsch Wikipedia

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