Education (Provision of Meals) Act 1906
- Education (Provision of Meals) Act 1906
The Education (Provision of Meals) Act 1906 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (6 Edw. VII c. 57).
The 1906 General Election elected a Liberal government committed to social reform and 'New Liberalism'. Fred Jowett, the Labour MP for Bradford was elected to the House of Commons for the first time. Jowett's maiden speech was on the subject of school meals, and his newly-elected Labour collegue W T Wilson introduced a private member's bill on February 22. The bill was supported by the government, and it was piloted through parliament by Thomas Lough, Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Education and the Earl of Crewe, Lord President of the Council. The Act received the royal assent on December 21, 1906. [L Andrews, "The School Meals Service", in "British Journal of Educational Studies", Vol. 20, No. 1 (February, 1972), pp. 70-75] This act permitted local authorities to provide school meals. However, local authorities were slow to respond to this legislation and by 1939 less than 50% were providing this service.
Margaret McMillan and Fred Jowett were members of the School Board which introduced free school meals in Bradford. This was actually illegal and the School Board could have been forced to end this service. McMillan and Jowett tried to persuade Parliament to introduce legislation which encouraged all education authorities to provide free school meals for children. McMillan argued that if the state insists on compulsory education, it must take responsibility for the proper nourishment of school children. A report published in 1889 indicated that over 50,000 pupils in London alone were attending school "in want of food". Other social studies, such as Charles Booth's "Life and Labour of the People of London, 1899-1903" and Seebohm Rowntree's "Poverty: A Study of Town Life in York, 1901", found that nearly a third of the population and cities studied were living in poverty. The 1904 "Report into Physical Deterioration" followed the large rejection of men from service in the Boer War, as they were malnourished.
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