Aldohexose

Aldohexose

An "aldohexose" is a hexose with an aldehyde group on one end.

The aldohexoses have four chiral centres for a total of 16 possible aldohexose stereoisomers (24). Of these, only three commonly occur in nature: D-glucose, D-galactose, and D-mannose. The D/L configuration is based on the orientation of the hydroxyl at position 5, and does not refer to the direction of optical activity.

There are eight D-aldohexoses:

CH=O CH=O CH=O CH=O
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HC-OH HO-CH HC-OH HO-CH
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HC-OH HC-OH HO-CH HO-CH
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HC-OH HC-OH HC-OH HC-OH
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HC-OH HC-OH HC-OH HC-OH
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CH2-OH CH2-OH CH2-OH CH2-OH D-Allose D-Altrose D-Glucose D-Mannose

CH=O CH=O CH=O CH=O
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HC-OH HO-CH HC-OH HO-CH
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HC-OH HC-OH HO-CH HO-CH
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HO-CH HO-CH HO-CH HO-CH
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HC-OH HC-OH HC-OH HC-OH
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CH2-OH CH2-OH CH2-OH CH2-OH D-Gulose D-Idose D-Galactose D-Talose

Deoxyaldohexoses

Aldohexoses can have one or more of their hydroxyl groups replaced by hydrogens to form deoxyaldohexoses. The following are well known cases of such compounds :
*L-Fucose (6-deoxy-L-galactose)
*L-Rhamnose (6-deoxy-L-mannose)
*D-Quinovose (6-deoxy-D-glucose)
Quinovose is found as part of the sulfolipid SQDG.
*L-Pneumose (6-deoxy-L-talose)


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Aldohexose — Un aldohexose est un ose composé de six atomes de carbone (hexose) et dont le premier atome possède une fonction aldéhyde (R−C(=O)H). On distingue huit aldohexoses : Allose …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Aldohexose — Hexosen sind Monosaccharide, deren Kohlenstoffgrundgerüst sechs Kohlenstoff Atome enthält. Sie haben alle die Summenformel C6H12O6 und unterscheiden sich durch die Art der Carbonyl Funktionsgruppe. Handelt es sich um eine Keto Gruppe, so spricht… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • aldohexose — aldoheksozė statusas T sritis chemija apibrėžtis Heksozė, turinti aldehido grupę. formulė H(CHOH)₅CHO atitikmenys: angl. aldohexose rus. альдогексоза …   Chemijos terminų aiškinamasis žodynas

  • aldohexose — /al doh hek sohs/, n. Chem. any of several hexoses in which one carbon atom is part of an aldehyde structure. [1905 10; ALD(EHYDE) + O + HEXOSE] * * * …   Universalium

  • aldohexose — noun Any hexose containing an aldehyde group …   Wiktionary

  • aldohexose — A 6 carbon sugar characterized by the (potential) presence of an aldehyde group in the molecule; e.g., glucose, galactose. * * * al·do·hex·ose .al dō hek .sōs, .sōz n an aldehydic hexose (as glucose or mannose) * * * al·do·hex·ose (al″do… …   Medical dictionary

  • Aldohexose — Al|do|he|xo|se 〈f. 19; Chem.〉 organ. chem. Verbindung mit sechs Kohlenstoffatomen, die zur Gruppe der Monosaccharide zählt u. eine endständige Aldehydgruppe ( CHO) trägt [<Aldol + Hexose] * * * Al|do|he|xo|se [↑ Ald ] svw. ↑ Hexose …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Aldohexose — Al|do|he|xo|se 〈f.; Gen.: , Pl.: n; Chemie〉 organ. chem. Verbindung mit sechs Kohlenstoffatomen, die zur Gruppe der Monosaccharide zählt u. eine endständige Aldehydgruppe ( CHO) trägt [Etym.: <Aldol + Hexose] …   Lexikalische Deutsches Wörterbuch

  • Aldohexose — Aldo|hexo̱se [Kurzw. aus ↑Aldose u. ↑Hexose] w; , n: ↑Aldose mit 6 Sauerstoffatomen im Molekül, z. B. ↑Glucose, ↑Galaktose …   Das Wörterbuch medizinischer Fachausdrücke

  • aldohexose — n. chemical compound in which one carbon atom is in an aldehyde formation …   English contemporary dictionary

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