Idiosyncratic drug reaction

Idiosyncratic drug reaction

Infobox_Disease
Name = PAGENAME


Caption =
DiseasesDB =
ICD10 = ICD10|T|78|4|t|66
ICD9 = ICD9|995.3
ICDO =
OMIM =
MedlinePlus =
eMedicineSubj =
eMedicineTopic =
MeshID =

Idiosyncratic drug reactions, also known as type B reactions, are drug reactions which occur rarely and unpredictably amongst the population. This is not to be mistaken with idiopathic which entails that the cause is not known.

Some patients have multiple-drug intolerance. Patients who have multiple idiopathic effects that are nonspecific are more likely to have anxiety and depression.cite journal |author=Davies SJ, Jackson PR, Ramsay LE, Ghahramani P |title=Drug intolerance due to nonspecific adverse effects related to psychiatric morbidity in hypertensive patients |journal=Arch. Intern. Med. |volume=163 |issue=5 |pages=592–600 |year=2003 |pmid=12622606 |doi=]

Idiosyncratic drug reactions appear to not be concentration dependent. A minimal amount of drug will cause an immune response, but it is suspected that at a low enough concentration, a drug will be less likely to initiate an immune response.

Mechanism

In adverse drug reactions involving overdoses, the toxic effect is simply an extension of the pharmacological effect. On the other hand, clinical symptoms of idiosyncratic drug reactions are different than the pharmacological effect of the drug.

The proposed mechanism of most idiosyncratic drug reactions is immune mediated toxicity. To create an immune response, you must have a foreign molecule that antibodies can bind to (ie. the antigen) and you must have cellular damage. Very often, drugs will not be immunogenic because they are too small to bind antibodies. However, a drug can cause an immune response if the drug binds a larger molecule. Some unaltered drugs such as penicillin will bind avidly to proteins. Others must be bioactivated into a toxic compound that will in turn bind to proteins. The second criteria of cellular damage can come either from a toxic drug/drug metabolite or it may come from an injury or infection.These will sensitize the immune system to the drug and cause a response.

References

ee also

*Idiosyncrasy


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Adverse drug reaction — Classification and external resources Adverse drug reaction leading to hepatitis (drug induced hepatitis) with granulomata. Other causes were excluded with extensive investigations. Liver biopsy …   Wikipedia

  • Drug eruption — Classification and external resources Examples of drug eruptions. (A) Bullous dermatitis caused by sulfathiazole (B) Fixed drug eruption caused by phenolphtalein (C) Bullous erythema multiforme (D) Diffuse photosensitivity reaction …   Wikipedia

  • drug — drug1 /drug/, n., v., drugged, drugging. n. 1. Pharm. a chemical substance used in the treatment, cure, prevention, or diagnosis of disease or used to otherwise enhance physical or mental well being. 2. (in federal law) a. any substance… …   Universalium

  • Drug — /droog/, n. Zoroastrianism. the cosmic principle of disorder and falsehood. Cf. Asha. [ < Avestan drauga] * * * I Any chemical agent that affects the function of living things. Some, including antibiotics, stimulants, tranquilizers,… …   Universalium

  • Druglikeness — is a qualitative concept used in drug design for how druglike a substance is with respect to factors like bioavailability. It is estimated from the molecular structure before the substance is even synthesized and tested. A druglike molecule has… …   Wikipedia

  • Idiosyncrasy — Idiosyncrasy, from Greek ιδιοσυγκρασία, idiosunkrasia , a peculiar temperament , habit of body ( idios one s own and syn krasis mixture ) is defined as an individualizing quality or characteristic of a person or group, and is often used to… …   Wikipedia

  • Idiopathic — is an adjective used primarily in medicine meaning arising spontaneously or from an obscure or unknown cause . From Greek ἴδιος, idios (one s own) + πάθος, pathos (suffering), it means approximately a disease of its own kind. It is technically a… …   Wikipedia

  • Hepatotoxicity — Alternative names Toxic liver disease Toxin induced liver disease Drug induced liver disease Drug induced liver damage Hepatogenous poisoning Subordinate terms Toxic hepatitis Toxin induced hepatitis Drug induced hepatitis Drug induced hepatic… …   Wikipedia

  • DRESS syndrome — stands for Drug Reaction (or Rash) with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms. The term was coined in a 1996 report in an attempt to simplify terminology for a syndrome recognized as early as 1959.[1][2] It is a syndrome, caused by exposure to… …   Wikipedia

  • Mercury poisoning — Classification and external resources Elemental mercury ICD 10 T …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”