Sébastien Vaillant

Infobox Scientist
name = Sébastien Vaillant
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caption = Sébastien Vaillant
birth_date = May 26, 1669
birth_place = Vigny, Val d'Oise
death_date = May 20, 1722
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nationality = French
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alma_mater = Jardin des Plantes
doctoral_advisor = Joseph Pitton de Tournefort
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known_for = botany
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Sébastien Vaillant (May 26, 1669 - May 20, 1722) was a French botanist.

Vaillant was born at Vigny, Val d'Oise. He studied medicine at Pontoise, and then moved to Paris to practice as a surgeon, where he studied botany at the Jardin des Plantes under Joseph Pitton de Tournefort.

Vaillant was appointed to the staff of the Jardin des Plantes in 1702, becoming sub-demonstrator of plants in 1708. The standard botanical author abbreviation Vaill. is applied to species he described.