Rebecca Lancefield

Rebecca Lancefield

Rebecca Craighill Lancefield (born January 5, 1895; died March 3, 1981) was a prominent American microbiologist. She joined the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in New York in 1918 and was associated to that institute throughout her long and outstanding career. Her bibliography comprises of more then 50 publications published over 60 years. Her main achievments lie in the her work on group A streptococci and its association with rheumatic fever. She is most famous for her serological classification of hemolytic streptococcal bacteria.cite journal | author = Lancefield RC | title = A serological differentiation of human and other groups of hemolytic streptococci. | journal = J Exp Med | year = 1933 | volume = 57 | pages = 571–95 | url= http://www.jem.org/cgi/content/abstract/57/4/571 | doi = 10.1084/jem.57.4.571 ] This is based upon the carbohydrate composition of bacterial antigen.cite book | author = Patterson MJ | title = Streptococcus. "in:" Baron's Medical Microbiology "(Baron S "et al", eds.)| edition = 4th ed. | publisher = Univ of Texas Medical Branch | year = 1996 | url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?highlight=Lancefield&rid=mmed.section.824 | isbn = 0-9631172-1-1 ] The Lancefield classification system is still used internationally today.

Biography

She was born at Fort Wadsworth, Staten Island, New York. She was educated at Wellesley College, Massachusetts and Columbia University, New York. At Columbia, she gained her Ph.D. in 1925. Eventually, she became professor of microbiology at Columbia University from 1958-1965. In 1943 she was the second woman to become President of the Society of American Bacteriologists. In 1961, she became President of the American Association of Immunologists, the only woman to be President of that Association. In 1970 she was elected to the National Academy of Sciences. In 1973 she was awarded the degree of Doctor of Science ("honoris causa") by the Columbia University.

Classification

*Group A - "Streptococcus pyogenes"
*Group B - "Streptococcus agalactiae"
*Group C - "Streptococcus equisimilis, Streptococcus equi, Streptococcus zooepidemicus, Streptococcus dysgalactiae"
*Group D - "Enterococci, Streptococcus bovis"
*Group E - "Streptococcus milleri and mutans"
*Group F -
*Group G - "Streptococcus canis, Streptococcus dysgalactiae"
*Group L - "Streptococcus dysgalactiae"
*Group R&S - "Streptococcus suis"
*other "Streptococcus" species are classified as non-Lancefield Streptococci

References


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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Lancefield-Einteilung — Rebecca Lancefield (* 1895; † 1981) teilte β hämolysierende Streptokokken in so genannte Lancefield Gruppen ein. Diese Lancefield Einteilung erfolgte aufgrund der C Substanz, eines zellwandständigen Polysaccharids, gegen welches sich Antikörper… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Lancefield-Gruppe — Rebecca Lancefield (* 1895; † 1981) teilte β hämolysierende Streptokokken in so genannte Lancefield Gruppen ein. Diese Lancefield Einteilung erfolgte aufgrund der C Substanz, eines zellwandständigen Polysaccharids, gegen welches sich Antikörper… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Lancefield-Schema — Rebecca Lancefield (* 1895; † 1981) teilte β hämolysierende Streptokokken in so genannte Lancefield Gruppen ein. Diese Lancefield Einteilung erfolgte aufgrund der C Substanz, eines zellwandständigen Polysaccharids, gegen welches sich Antikörper… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • lancefield group — n(t)ˌsfēld noun also lancefield s group or lancefield grouping Usage: usually capitalized L Etymology: after Rebecca Lancefield b1895 American bacteriologist : one of the serologically distinguishable groups (as group A, group B …   Useful english dictionary

  • Lancefield — Rebecca Craighill, U.S. bacteriologist, 1895–1981. See L. classification …   Medical dictionary

  • Lancefield group — Lance·field group lan(t)s .fēld also Lance·field s group .fēldz n any of the serologically distinguishable groups into which most streptococci can be divided and which are based on the polysaccharide antigens present in the streptococcal cell… …   Medical dictionary

  • Lancefield classification group — Lance·field classification, group (lansґfēld) [Rebecca Craighill Lancefield, American bacteriologist, 1895–1981] see under classification and group …   Medical dictionary

  • Sistema de Lancefield — El sistema de Lancefield es un sistema de clasificación serológica de los estreptococos usado internacionalmente hoy día y desarrollado por la microbióloga estadounidense Rebecca Craighill Lancefield (5 de enero de 1895 3 de marzo de 1981).[1]… …   Wikipedia Español

  • STREPTOCOQUES — Les streptocoques, bactéries ovoïdes ou sphériques associées en chaînettes, appartiennent à la vaste famille des Streptococcaceae , ensemble hétérogène de cocci prenant la coloration de Gram, dépourvues de cytochrome et de catalase, englobant… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Серовар — (Серотип)  группа микроорганизмов одного вида, объединяемые общей антигенной структурой, определяемой серологическими методами диагностики. Серовар не является таксономической категорией и позволяет систематизовать патогенные и условно… …   Википедия

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