John Young (Canadian politician)

John Young (11 March 1811 - 12 April 1878) was a member of the Parliament of Canada.

Young was born in Ayr, Scotland. His family had no particular social position or money. His father William was a cooper by trade.

He was able to qualify for a very fine school, Ayr Academy. That school boasts a number of distinguished graduates including the poet Robbie Burns and the inventor James Watt.

The formal education of John Young ended when he was only 14. He left Ayr Academy to become a teacher at a small country school in the nearby village of Coylton. After only a year of teaching he came to Canada in 1826 at the age of 15.

His early life in Canada began in Kingston, Ontario, where he was employed by a company in the import/export business. Despite his youth and lack of formal eduation he was very successful. It appears that the energy, determination, and the supreme self-confidence that were to characterize his later career were already evident.

The Torrence firm, Young's employer, moved him to Montreal in 1830. After a few years he was made co-partner with David Torrance, the son of the owner. In addition to the import/export business, the Torrance family had interests in the steamboat business operating on the St. Lawrence between Montreal and Quebec City. This involvement with merchandise trade and shipping were the foundation of Young's lifelong passion for improved transportation.

Young believed that the future of Montreal as the pre-eminent commercial centre in North America could be attained by improved access by rail and water.

With that objective he laboured and fought for:

"* The deepening of the shipping channel in the St. Lawrence river east of Montreal"

"* The construction of the Victoria Bridge"

"* The development of canal systems"

"* The construction of numerous railway lines"

In order to attain maximum benefit for Montreal as a commercial centre and as a port, he believed that this improved transportation network must be coupled with the concept of free-trade with the United States.

Many of these ideas were strongly opposed by the Montreal business elite. By reason of his business success, Young was part of that elite, but he was always a bit of an outsider and consider a maverick by many in the "establishment."

Young lived at a time when ideas were held with conviction and strongly debated in public. Sometimes people got “carried away.” In 1847, John Young was part of a group of Montreal businessmen involved in a pistol duel. Shots were exchanged but nobody was killed. Young’s handwritten account of the event makes fascinating reading.

Young was successful in business and by about 1850 was able to build a rather magnificent home called Rosemount of the southern slope of the Westmount Mountain. The house is still standing near the corner of Mountain Ave. and Severn.

In his Rosemount home, Young had a very large, oversized, wire-backed armchair. It is believed that this chair was reserved for the ample frame of Cure Labelle when he came to discuss the building of the railway to serve St. Jerome and the Laurentians. The chair is now property of his Great-great-granddaughter.

John Young took an active interest in politics where his belief in free trade dictated that he be a Rouge in the Liberal Party of LaFontaine. He was elected to the 4th and 5th Parliaments of the Province of Canada. He was a Cabinet Minister and was made the Chief Commissioner of Public Works. However, he did not seem to have enjoyed political life and was not too comfortable with the idea of party discipline. He resigned his seat in the early 1850’s. He had one last run at politics in 1863 but was defeated by D’Arcy McGee.

His most notable achievements took place during his tenure with the Montreal Harbour Commission. First appointed in 1850, he became chairman in 1853. He seems to have been consistent in arguing for improved transportation in the broadest sense, even when there might appear to be some short term pain for Montreal merchants. Once again he was often at odds with the establishment.

However, that same establishment thought highly enough of him to elect him President of the Montreal Board of Trade.

Possibly John Young’s proudest moment came in 1860. His pet project, the construction of the Victoria Bridge, was done, and he was Host for the formal inauguration ceremonies attended by the Prince of Wales, H.R.H. Albert, son of Queen Victoria.

By the early 1860’s Young had retired from any active involvement in his import/export business. He took his wife, Amelia Jane, and 7 of their children back to Scotland where he believed they would be better educated. In May 1863 the family was returning to Canada on the Allan Steamship Line’s ship, the Anglo Saxon. In dense fog, the ship struck an iceberg off the coast of Newfoundland.

Out of a total 447 passengers and crew, 238 drowned. John Young and his family all survived. His handwritten letter dated May 15 1863 gives a dramatic account of the tragedy.

True to John Young’s combative nature, he was no sooner back in Montreal than ha was fighting with the prominent and powerful Allan family who owned the ill-fated Anglo-Saxon.

The latter part of Young’s life was not easy. While he continued to fight for free trade and improved transportation his financial situation deteriorated. At the time of his life when he was anxious to get some relief – possibly a pension from the Government or Harbour Commission – it appears that his many public disputes with prominent politicians and business leaders caught up with him. No financial help was forthcoming. Instead, Young was given some token appointments, one of them being to represent the Montreal business interests at an International Trade Conference in Australia in 1877. The trip was a difficult one and John became ill. He never recovered and died shortly after his return to Montreal in 1878.

The flourishing Port of Montreal, and its success for the past 150 years are a fine testament to John Young’s work and vision.

His statue was erected in 1908. It is the work of distinguished sculptor Louis-Philippe Hebert.

Article posted by John Young's Great-great-great-granddaughter

External links

* [http://www.biographi.ca/009004-119.01-e.php?&id_nbr=5332 "Biography at "the Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online"]
* [http://www.parl.gc.ca/information/about/people/key/bio.asp?Language=E&query=3133 Parliament of Canada: John Young] , accessed 2 December 2006