- Patoka River
The Patoka River is a tributary of the
Wabash River , approximately 138 mi (222 km) long, in southwesternIndiana in theUnited States . It drains a largely rural area of forestedbottomland and agricultural lands among the hills north of Evansville.Description
It rises in the
Hoosier National Forest in southeastern Orange County, approximately 10 mi (16 km) southeast of Paoli. It flows generally west, passing throughPatoka Lake , where it is impounded forflood control. Downstream from the reservoir it flows in a highlymeander ing course, making large oxbows as it flows past Jasper, then westward across Pike and Gibson counties. It joins the Wabash from the east oppositeMount Carmel, Illinois , approximately 30 mi (38 km) NNW of Evansville. The mouth of the river is approximately 1 mi (1.6 km) downstream on the Wabash from the mouth of the White River.The river once included highly diverse habitat that supported
mussel ,crayfish , and fish communities. A1994 survey of 66 locations on the river concluded that about a third of the streams in the river's watershed were devoid of aquatic life [http://igs.indiana.edu/survey/projects/patokaRiver/index.cfm] . The decline in aquatic life is believed by most biologists to be a result of acidic runoff fromstrip mining , as well as spills and contamination frompetroleum andnatural gas exploration in its watershed. The remaining freshwater crayfish population of the river comprises four extant species, including the principal population of the Indiana crayfish ("Orconectes indianensis"). In1994 approximately 30 mi (48 km) of the river, were designated as thePatoka River National Wildlife Refuge and Management Area , managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The refuge contains one of the most significant bottomland hardwood forests remaining in the state.Patoka Lake is a major recreational destination in the region and includs four
state park s along its shore.External links
* [http://midwest.fws.gov/PatokaRiver/ USFWS: Patoka River Wildlife Refuge]
* [http://igs.indiana.edu/survey/projects/patokaRiver/index.cfm Indiana University: Patoka River]
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