Theobald Stapleton

Theobald Stapleton

Theobald Stapleton, alias Teabóid Gallduf or Gallduff (1589 - 13 September 1647), was an Irish Roman Catholic priest born in County Kilkenny, Ireland. Little is known of his career, except that he was a priest living in Flanders.

In 1639, he published a catechism in Early Modern Irish to promote the use of the language in religious literature. It was the first Roman Catholic book in which the Irish language was printed in antiqua type. The book, published in Brussels, was called _la. "Catechismus seu doctrina christiana latino-hibernica" or, in Irish, _ga. "Cathcismus sen Adhon, an Teagasc Críostaí iar na foilsiú a Laidin & a Ngaoilaig".

Stapleton's catechism was also the first notable attempt to simplify Irish spelling. He advocated and used a simplified spelling of Irish to encourage literacy among less educated people. In Stapleton's system, silent letters in certain words were replaced, eg, the "idhe" in the word _ga. "suidhe" ("sitting") was replaced by "í" in _ga. "suí" (as in modern Irish). He also brought the spelling closer to the pronunciation, e.g. by replacing "thbh" as in _ga. "uathbhás" ("terror") by "f", giving "uafás" as in modern Irish. However, only authors of devotional literature adopted his spelling system; the classical spelling system remained in place until the 20th century.

In September 1647, in the run-up to the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland, Stapleton was captured in the cathedral at Cashel by Parliamentarian soldiers under the command of Murrough O'Brien, 1st Earl of Inchiquin, and put to death on the spot.

External links

* [http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/14249a.htm Theobald Stapleton at the Catholic Encyclopedia]
* [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0013-8266(191707)32%3A127%3C373%3ATSOTRO%3E2.0.CO%3B2-4 St. John D. Seymour: The Storming of the Rock of Cashel by Lord Inchiquin in 1647.English Historical Review, Vol. 32, No. 127 (July, 1917)]
* [http://www.araltas.com/features/stapleton/ Araltas.com]
* [http://www.spellingsociety.org/journals/j22/irish.php Simplified Spelling System]
* [http://www.cashel-emly.ie/main/history/friaries.htm Franciscans in Cashel and Emly]
* [http://www.celt.dias.ie/publications/cat/f/f2-22/introduction.pdf "The Spiritual Rose" ed. Malachy McKenna]

Persondata
NAME=Stapleton, Theobald
ALTERNATIVE NAMES=Gallduf, Teabóid; Gallduff, Teabóid
SHORT DESCRIPTION=Irish priest
DATE OF BIRTH=1589
PLACE OF BIRTH=County Kilkenny, Ireland
DATE OF DEATH=1647-09-13
PLACE OF DEATH=Cashel, County Tipperary, Ireland


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