Carme (moon)

Infobox Planet
name = Carme
background = #ffc0c0
discoverer = S. B. Nicholson
discovered = July 30, 1938cite journal |last=Nicholson |first=S. B. |title=Two New Satellites of Jupiter |journal=Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific |year=1938 |volume=50 | pages=pp.292–293 |url=http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/PASP./0050//0000292.000.html |doi=10.1086/124963]
mean_orbit_radius = 23.4 million kmcite journal |last=Jacobson |first=R. A. |title=The Orbits of Outer Jovian Satellites |journal=Astronomical Journal |year=2000 |volume=120 |pages=pp.2679–2686 |doi=10.1086/316817]
eccentricity = 0.25
period = 702.28 d (2.045 a)
avg_speed = 2.253 km/s
inclination = nowrap|164.91° (to the ecliptic) 167.53° (to Jupiter's equator)
satellite_of = Jupiter
mean_radius = 23 km
surface_area = ~6600 km²
volume = ~51,000 km³
mass = 1.3e|17 kg
density = 2.6 g/cm³ (assumed)
surface_grav = ~0.017 m/s² (0.0017 "g")
escape_velocity = ~0.028 km/s
albedo = 0.04 (assumed)
single_temperature = ~124 K

Carme (pron-en|ˈkɑrmi respell|KAR|mee, or as in Greek "Κάρμη)" is a retrograde irregular satellite of Jupiter. It was discovered by Seth Barnes Nicholson at Mount Wilson Observatory in California in July 1938. It is named after the mythological Carme, mother by Zeus of Britomartis, a Cretan goddess.

Carme did not receive its present name until 1975; [ [http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/iauc/02800/02846.html IAUC 2846: "Satellites of Jupiter"] 1974 October 7 (naming the moon)] before then, it was simply known as nowrap|Jupiter XI. It was sometimes called "Pan"cite book| last=Payne-Gaposchkin|first=Cecilia|coauthors=Katherine Haramundanis|title=Introduction to Astronomy|year=1970|publisher=Prentice-Hall|location=Englewood Cliffs, N.J.|isbn=0-134-78107-4] between 1955 and 1975. Note that Pan is now the name of a satellite of Saturn.

It gives its name to the Carme group, made up of irregular retrograde moons orbiting Jupiter at a distance ranging between 23 and 24 Gm and at an inclination of about 165°. Its orbital elements are as of January 2000. They are continuously changing due to Solar and planetary perturbations.

ee also

*Irregular satellites
*Jupiter's moons in fiction

References

External links

* [http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/profile.cfm?Object=Jup_Carme Carme Profile] by [http://solarsystem.nasa.gov NASA's Solar System Exploration]
* [http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~jewitt/irregulars.html David Jewitt pages]
* [http://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~sheppard/satellites/jupsatdata.html Scott Sheppard pages]