- San Francisco de Bánica
The Dominican city of San Francisco de Bánica, or simply Bánica, is a
municipality of the Elías Piñaprovince , on the border withHaiti and near the Artibonite. The name Bánica comes from theTaíno name of the region, Banique ("land of ebony").Population
The municipality had, in
2002 , a total population of 7,272: 3,802 men and 3,470 women. The urban population was 20.05% of the total population. In this numbers are included the population of the municipal district Sabana Cruz.History
The town was founded in
1504 by Diego Velázquez, who later went to conquest theisland ofCuba , on the left side of the River Artibonite. It was an important town in those years but later it lost its importance. In the 18th century, the Spanishgovernment moved the city to its present place, away from the river, and brought families from theCanary Islands to live there.When the Haitian
independence , most of the people moved to other places. When the Haitians occupied the eastern part of the island (the present Dominican Republic), they founded again the town as part of the Departement of Artibonite.cite book
last = Tolentino Rojas
first = Vicente
title = Historia de la División Territorial Dominicana, 1494-1943
publisher = Colección Trujillo
date=1944
location = Ciudad Trujillo, República Dominicana
language = Spanish ]After the Independence in
1844 , the town was elevated by the Dominican government to the category ofmunicipality of the Azuaprovince . But again the town was abandoned by its inhabitants. After the "Restoration War" (1863 -1865 ), some families from other towns close to the Haitian border came to live in Bánica.Bánica was made a municipality of the San Juan province in
1938 and then, in1942 , of the new province of Elías Piña.Economy
The main economic activity of the municipality is
agriculture .Commerce with Haiti is also an important economic activity in the city.Places of interest
# Iglesia de San Francisco de Asís (Saint
Francis of Assisi Church). It is a very interesting colonial Catholic church. It is not known when it was built but in1740 the Bishop Domingo Pantaleón Álvarez Abréu wrote that in Bánica "there is a new church".
# Reloj de sol (Sundial ). In one of his faces there is date,1795 , that could be the date when it was built. There were only two sundials in the old Spanish colony: one inSanto Domingo and another in Bánica.
# Cerro de San Francisco (Saint Francis Hill). It is a rocky hill at 1.5 km from the city. Here there is acave visited by many people to pray to Saint Francis; they get wet with water that falls from the top of the cave and they putlimestone dust in their faces so when they get back to town they are identified by their white faces. The hill is protected by law because here there is the only wild population of "Pereskia marcanoi", acactus with leaves and beautiful small purple flowers; its common name is "Rosa de Bánica" ("Bánica Rose").References
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.