Ulmus glabra 'Exoniensis'

Infobox Cultivar | name = "Ulmus glabra"
cultivar = 'Exoniensis'


image_caption = Exeter Elm in Amsterdam. Photo: Ronnie Nijboer, Bonte Hoek kwekerijen
origin = Exeter, England"Ulmus glabra" 'Exoniensis', the 'Exeter Elm', was discovered near Exeter, England, in 1826, and was propagated by the Ford nursery in that city Bean, W. J. (1981). "Trees and shrubs hardy in Great Britain", 7th edition. Murray, London.] Elwes, H. J. & Henry, A. (1913). "The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland". Vol. VII. pp 1848-1929. Private publication, Edinburgh. [http://fax.libs.uga.edu/QK488xE4/7tgbi/] ] Richens, R. H. (1983). "Elm". Cambridge University Press.] White, J. & More, D. (2003). "Trees of Britain and Northern Europe". Cassell's, London.] .

Description

The tree initially has an upright, columnar form, but later develops a large rounded crown and occasionally reaches 17 m in height. It is chiefly distinguished by its contorted leaves, < 110 mm long by 80 mm broad, that occasionally wrap around the branchlets and thus remain attached to the tree well into winter.

Pests and diseases

'Exoniensis' is possessed of a moderate resistance to Dutch elm disease, and consequently often featured in the Dutch elm breeding programme in association with the Field Elm "U. minor" and Himalayan Elm "U. wallichiana" Heybroek, H. (1983). The Dutch elm breeding program. In Sticklen & Sherald (Eds). "Dutch elm disease research" (Ch. 3). Springer Verlag, New York.] .

Cultivation

Once commonly planted in the UK and parts of western Europe, 'Exoniensis' is also known to have been marketed in Poland in the 19th century by the Ulrich nursery Ulrich, C. (1894), "Katalog Drzew i Krezewow, C. Ulrich", Rok 1893-94, Warszawa] , Warsaw, and may still survive in Eastern Europe. It is found in Australia (Ballarat) but is not known to have been introduced to North America.

Hybrid cultivars

'Clusius', 'Columella, 'Dodoens', 'Lobel', 'Plantyn', 'Nanguen' (Lutece), 'Warnoux' (Vada).

'Exoniensis' also indirectly featured in the Italian elm breeding programme as an ancestor of 'Plantyn', which was commonly crossed with clones of the Siberian Elm "Ulmus pumila" to produce the cultivars 'Arno', 'Plinio', and 'San Zanobi' Santini A., Fagnani A., Ferrini F. & Mittempergher L., (2002) 'San Zanobi' and 'Plinio' elm trees. [http://www.cnr.it/istituti/ArticoliJCR.html?cds=064&id=3107] "HortScience" 37(7): 1139-1141. 2002. American Society for Horticultural Science, Alexandria, VA 22314, USA.] Santini A., Fagnani A., Ferrini F., Mittempergher L., Brunetti M., Crivellaro A., Macchioni N., Elm breeding for DED resistance, the Italian clones and their wood properties. [http://www.inia.es/gcontrec/pub/179-184-(15)-Elm_breeding_1161943564468.pdf] "Invest Agrar: Sist. Recur. For." (2004) 13 (1), 179-184. 2004] .

ynonymy

*"Ulmus campestris" var. "nuda" subvar. "fastigiata oxfortii" Hort. Vilv., probable misspelling.
*"Ulmus fordii" Hort.: Loudon, "Arb. Frut. Brit". 3: 1399, 1838.
*"Ulmus montana fastigiata": Loudon, "Arb. Frut. Brit". 3: 1399, 1838.
*"Ulmus montana" f. "fastigiata plumosa" Hort.: Schelle in Beissner et al. "Handb. Laubh. Benenn", 85, 1903.
*"Ulmus plumosa": C. de Vos [http://asaweb.huh.harvard.edu:8080/databases/botanists?id=172332] , "Woordenbeck", 136, 1867.
*"Ulmus plumosa foliis variegatis": C. de Vos, "Woordenboek" 137, 1867.
*"Ulmus suberosa oxoniensis": Audibert, Tonelle, Tarascon, France Catalogue, 1832, probable misspelling.
*"Ulmus ?" var. "replicata": Masters, "Hort. Duroverni", 67, 1831, name in synonymy.

Accessions

;Europe
*Arboretum Trompenburg [http://www.trompenburg.nl/] , Netherlands, no details available.
*Birr Castle (Mount Palmer), County Offaly, Éire. One tree, 29 cm d.b.h. when measured in 2002.
*Brighton & Hove City Council, UK, NCCPG elm collection [http://www.brighton-hove.gov.uk/index.cfm?request=c1108042] , small number of trees, large specimens at Stanmer Park Arboretum, St. Roche's Arboretum, and Dumbrell Court.
*Bruntsfield Links, Edinburgh - 3 mature trees
*Cambridge Botanic Garden [http://www.botanic.cam.ac.uk/] , University of Cambridge, UK, 1 tree, no accession details available.
*Hortus Botanicus Nationalis, Salaspils, Latvia acc. nos. 18105,6,7.
*Linkway Lodge, Hollingdean, Brighton, East Sussex. UK - 40 trees.
*Preston House, West Lothian, Scotland, UK champion, 22m high, 115 cm d.b.h. in 1987.
*Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, UK, acc. no. 19699363.
*Sir Harold Hillier Gardens, UK, acc. nos. 1977.6756, 1977.7086.
*University of Copenhagen, Botanic Garden Denmark, no details available.

Nurseries

Europe

*Brian Lewington [http://www.treesandhedges.co.uk] , Heathfield, East Sussex, UK.
*PlantenTuin Esveld [http://www.esveld.nl/catalen/heestersu.htm] , Boskoop, Netherlands.
*Standard Trees [http://www.standardtrees.co.uk] , Golden Cross, East Sussex, UK
*Thornhayes Nursery [http://www.thornhayes-nursery.co.uk] , Cullompton, Devon, UK
*Westerveld Boomkwekerij B.V. [http://www.westerveldbv.nl/] , Opheusden, The Netherlands.

References