Togoland

Infobox Former Country
native_name = "Schutzgebiet Togo"
conventional_long_name = Togoland protectorate
common_name = Togoland|
continent = Africa
region = West Africa
country =
era = New Imperialism
status = Protectorate
empire = Germany
government_type =
year_start = 1884
year_end = 1914
life_span = 1884-1914|
event_start = Protectorate established
date_start = July 5, 1884
event_end = Allied occupation
date_end = August 26, 1914
event_post = Togoland partitioned
date_post = December 27, 1916|
s1 = British Togoland
flag_s1 = Flag of the Gold Coast.svg
s2 = French Togoland
flag_s2 = Flag of France.svg|

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image_map_caption = Togoland (red). Other German colonies in blue|
capital = Bagida (1884-86)
Sebeab (1886-97)
Lomé (1897- )
national_anthem =
common_languages = German
religion =
currency = German gold mark

Togoland was a German protectorate in West Africa from 1884 to 1914. The protectorate was established during the "Scramble for Africa", when German explorer and imperialist Gustav Nachtigal arrived at Togoville, sent as a special commissioner by Prime Minister Otto von Bismarck. On July 5 1884, a treaty was signed with the local chief, Mlapa III, in which the German Empire declared a protectorate over a stretch of territory along the coast of the Bight of Benin. Nachtigal was "Reichskommissar" for a day, but was replaced on July 6 by Heinrich Randad as other tasks were waiting for Nachtigal in Northern Africa.

Germany gradually extended its control inland. They brought scientific cultivation to the country's main export crops (cacao, coffee and cotton) and developed its infrastructure to one of the highest levels in Africa. Because it became Germany's only self-supporting colony, Togoland was known as its model possession. This would last until the eruption of World War I.

After calling on German forces to surrender on 6 August 1914, French and British forces invaded the colony the next day, occupying Lome and advancing on a powerful radio station near Kamina (just east of Atakpamé). The colony surrendered on August 26, after the Germans had destroyed the station on the night of August 24/25. On December 27 1916, Togoland was divided into French and British administrative zones. Following the war, Togoland formally became a League of Nations Class B mandate divided for administrative purposes into French Togoland and British Togoland (covering respectively about 2/3 and 1/3 of the territory).

As a result, the French-ruled part of Togoland became what is now Togo, with the rest transferred to Ghana following a plebiscite.

ee also

*History of Togo
*German West African Company
*List of former German colonies

References in Popular Culture

In the popular Canadian sketch comedy show, Second City Television (which ran from 1976 to 1984), the news segment skit "SCTV News" regularly included news bulletins about natural catastrophes in Togoland, although the country no longer had that name.

External links

* [http://www.deutsche-schutzgebiete.de/webpages/Togo_Karte_1912.jpgMap of Togoland]
* [http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/images/d/de!tgl13.gifProposed flag of Togoland]