Roki Tunnel

The Roki Tunnel (Georgian: როკის გვირაბი; Ossetic: Ручъы тъунел) or Roksky Tunnel (Russian: Рокский туннель) is a mountain tunnel of the Transkam road through the Greater Caucasus Mountains, north of the village Upper Roka. It is the only road joining North Ossetia-Alania in the Russian Federation to South Ossetia, a breakaway republic of Georgia. The road is manned at the town of Nizhny Zaramag in North Ossetia and is sometimes referred to as the Roki-Nizhny Zaramag border crossing.

The tunnel, completed by the Soviet authorities in 1985, is one of only a handful of routes that cross the North Caucasus Range. It is at about 2,000 meters altitude and its length is 3,660 meters, and near the Roki Pass at about 3,000 meters altitude, which can only be used in summer. [ [http://derstandard.at/?url=/?id=1218534230819 Der Roki-Tunnel - Schlüsselstelle im Georgien-Konflikt] ] [cite web | title = Structurae.de: Roki Tunnel | publisher = Structurae.de | url = http://en.structurae.de/structures/data/index.cfm?id=s0021059 | accessdate = 2008-08-10] The other routes between Georgia and Russia include the Kazbegi-Verkhni Lars customs checkpoint on the Georgian Military Road, closed since June 2006, [http://groups.msn.com/justicefornorthcaucasus/osetia.msnw?action=get_message&mview=0&ID_Message=12992 (accessed 2008-8-10)] and the Gantiadi-Adler crossing in Abkhazia which Georgia believes to function illegally. [http://www.kommersant.com/page.asp?idr=527&id=688852 (accessed 2008-8-10)]

The tunnel has been important throughout the Georgian-Ossetian conflict. The South Ossetian authorities use tolls levied on tunnel traffic as one of their main sources of revenue. The Georgian government - backed by the United States - has long called for the South Ossetian side of the tunnel to be placed under the control of international monitors, rather than the South Ossetian secessionists and Russian peacekeeping forces. [cite web | title = Georgian rebel region evacuates children after deadly clashes | publisher = Channel NewsAsis | date = 2008-08-05 | url = http://www.channelnewsasia.com/stories/afp_world/view/364929/1/.html | accessdate = 2008-08-10] Since the Russian authorities blocked the Kazbegi-Verkhni Lars customs checkpoint in June 2006 the Roki Tunnel has been the only available road route from Russia to South Ossetia. The tunnel was used as a supply route for the Russian military during the 2008 South Ossetia War. [cite news | last = Evans | first = Michael | title = Georgia: Reckless Saakashvili took on Russian Goliath Putin | publisher = "Times Online" | date = 2008-08-11 | url = http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/europe/article4500160.ece | accessdate = 2008-08-11]

ee also

* Georgian-Ossetian conflict
* 2008 South Ossetia War

References

External links

* [http://www.geotimes.ge/index.php?m=home&newsid=12020 History of the tunnel] (in The Georgian Times, Sep 10, 2008)