93rd Regiment of Foot

Infobox Military Unit
unit_name= 93rd Regiment of Foot


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dates= 1799 - 1881
country= United Kingdom
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branch= British Army
type= Infantry
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nickname= The Thin Red Line
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motto= Sans Peur
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march= The Haughs of Cromdale
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battles=
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battle_honours= Cape of Good Hope 1806
Alma, Balaklava, Sevastopol1854-5
Lucknow1857-8
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notable_commanders= Sir Colin Campbell
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identification_symbol_3_label=The 93rd (Sutherland Highlanders) Regiment of Foot was a Line Infantry Regiment of the British Army . In 1881 during the Childers Reforms it was united with the 91st (Argyllshire Highlanders) Regiment of Foot to form the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders (Princess Louise's) .

History

93rd Regiment

The 93rd Regiment was raised three times before it became the Sutherland Highlanders.

Sutherland Fencibles

The 1st Sutherland Fencibles were raised in Scotland from the area of Sutherland and Caithness in 1759 and disbanded in 1763 by Lord Reay.

1779: 2nd Sutherland Fencibles raised by Elizabeth, Countess of Sutherland (done in practice by Lt. Col. William Wemyss of Wemyss).

1793: 3rd Sutherland Fencibles raised by Wemyss. Served in 1798 Irish Rebellion. Disbanded April 1799 at Ft. George.

On disbanding in 1799 the new 93rd Regiment was recruited from the recently disbanded Sutherland Fencibles by their old colonel William Wemyss, at this time a Major General in the British Army, on behalf of his 16 year old cousin ELizabeth, Countess of Sutherland. Wemyss had the remaining volunteers from all over Sutherland lined up by Parish and selected those he thought most suitable and issued each of these a pinch of snuff, a dram of whisky and their bounty money. When the regiment first mustered, in Strathnaver in August 1800, not a single man selected by Wemyss failed to report. There is a cairn at Skail, in Strathnaver, marking the spot where this muster took place.

Crimea

The 93rd Sutherland Highlanders became famous for their actions during the Crimean War. The regiment was sent to the Crimea in 1854, after war broke out against Russia, as part of Colin Campbell's Highland Brigade. They took part in the storming of the height above the Alma River followed by a move to Sevastopol. On 24 October they were stationed outside the British-controlled port of Balaklava as part of its very thin defences. The Russian Army sent a massive force to attack Balaklava, the Russian force was 25,000 strong; but only their massed cavalry pushed right forward down the road to Balaklava. Part of this threat was parried by the immortal charge of General Scarlett's Heavy Cavalry Brigade.

It was in this action that the regiment earned its nickname of The Thin Red Line, coined by the The Times journalist W.H.Russell.

cquote|The Times correspondent, W. H. Russell, who standing on the hills above could clearly see that nothing stood between the Russian cavalry and the defenceless British base but the "thin red streak tipped with a line of steel" of the 93rd. Condensed almost immediately into "The Thin Red Line", the phrase has survived to this day as the chosen symbol of everything for which The Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders believe themselves to stand.Asked why he had been so unorthodox as to receive a cavalry charge in line instead of in a square. Sir Colin Campbell said; "I knew the 93rd, and I did not think it worth the trouble of forming a square." [http://www.argylls.co.uk/93bala.html From the Argylls History]

1857

*Indian Rebellion of 1857

Amalgamation

July 1881, the 93rd Sutherland Highlanders were united with the 91st (Argyllshire Highlanders) Regiment of Foot to form the 1st and 2nd Battalions of the Princess Louise's (Sutherland and Argyll Highlanders) later renamed Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders (Princess Louise's) . The traditions and character of the 93rd remained so strong that members of the 2nd Battalion would continue to refer to themselves as the 93rd right up until that battalions move in to suspended animation in 1947. For ten years a clumsy arrangement of the 1st and 2nd Battalions receding and taking front place with each other continued until the Colonel charged the 1st Battalion (old 91st) with absorbing and embodying the traditions of the 93rd.

Victoria Cross winners

*Lance Corporal J. Dunlay 16 Nov 1857 India
*Captain W.G.D Stewart 16 Nov 1857 India
*Private P. Grant 16 Nov 1857 India
*Private D. MacKay 16 Nov 1857 India
*Colour Sergeant J. Munro 16 Nov 1857 India
*Sergeant J.Paton 16 Nov 1857 India
*Lieutenant W. McBean 11 Mar 1858 India

See also

*Order of Battle at the Balaklava campaign

External links

* [http://www.clansutherland.org/FrRegiments.htm Clan Sutherland]
* [http://www.argylls.co.uk/ The Argylls History]
* [http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/inf/093-799.htm The British Regiments Site]
* [http://www.93rdhighlanders.com 93rd Sutherland Highland Regiment of Foot Living History Unit]