Abbott's Booby

Taxobox


name = Abbott’s Booby
status = EN | status_system = IUCN3.1
status_ref = [IUCN2006|assessors=BirdLife International|year=2006|id=15977|title=Papasula abbotti|downloaded=19 Jan 2008 Database entry includes a range map and justification for why the species is listed as endangered]
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Aves
ordo = Pelecaniformes
familia = Sulidae
genus = "Papasula"
genus_authority = Olson & Warheit, 1988
species = "P. abbotti"
binomial = "Papasula abbotti"
binomial_authority = (Ridgway, 1893)
synonyms = "Sula abbotti" (Ridgway, 1893)The Abbott’s Booby ("Papasula abbotti") is a large endangered seabird of the gannet family, Sulidae. Found normally only on and around Christmas Island (an Australianterritory in the eastern Indian Ocean), it is the sole member of the genus "Papasula". This species is named for William Louis Abbott who discovered it on Assumption Island in 1892.

Description

The Abbott’s Booby has a length of about 79 cm and a weight of about 1460 g. Its black and white plumage is distinct from that of other sulids in the region. Parent birds may only be able to breed from about eight years old, with successful breeding no more frequently than once every two years, and a potential lifespan of 40 years.Marchant, S.; & Higgins, P.J. (Eds). (1990). "Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Volume 1: Ratites to Ducks". Oxford University Press: Melbourne. ISBN 0-19-553068-3]

Distribution and habitat

The Abbott's Booby now breeds only on Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, although formerly it bred on other Indian Ocean islands. At sea it is mainly seen in the waters around Christmas Island. There is fossil evidence of its presence in the South Pacific. In April 2007 an individual of this species was photographed at a booby colony on Rota in the Pacific OceanFact|date=October 2007.

Behaviour

Breeding

The species nests in emergent trees in rainforest, with pairs laying a single egg, mainly in June or July. Growth of the chick is slow, with most making their first flight in December or January, and remaining dependent on the parent birds for food for about the next 230 days.Nelson, J. Bryan. (1978). "The Sulidae. Gannets and Boobies". Oxford University Press: Oxford. ISBN 0-19-714104-8]

Diet

Adult birds feed on fish and squid and feed the chicks by regurgitation.

Conservation

Much of the breeding habitat of the Abbott’s Booby was destroyed by phosphate mining in the 1960s and 1970s [Nelson JB (1977) report and recommedations on the status and prospects of Abbott's Booby in relation to the British Phosphate Commissioner's mining and conservation policy. Unpublished report. British Phosphate Commission] and it is classified as
Endangered. The population is estimated to be about 3000 birds and decreasing. On Christmas Island, threats include cyclones, degradation of breeding habitat and Yellow Crazy Ants. Offshore potential threats are overfishing and marine pollution.Garnett, S. (1993) "Threatened and Extinct Birds Of Australia". RAOU. National Library, Canberra. ISSN 0812-8014] [http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/search/species_search.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=3651&m=0 BirdLife International (2006) Species factsheet: "Papasula abbotti".] Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 17/10/2006]

References