Hong Kong Chief Executive election, 2007

Infobox Election
election_name = Hong Kong Chief Executive election, 2007
country = Hong Kong
type = presidential
ongoing = no
previous_election = Hong Kong Chief Executive election, 2005
previous_year = 2005
next_election =
next_year =
election_date = 25 March 2007

nominee1 = Donald Tsang
party1 = None
electoral_vote1 = 649

nominee2 = Alan Leong
party2 = Civic Party
electoral_vote2 = 123

title = Chief Executive
before_election = Donald Tsang
before_party = None
after_election = Donald Tsang
after_party = NoneAn election was held on 25 March 2007cite web|url=http://www.news.gov.hk/en/category/administration/070325/html/070325en01002.htm|title=Donald Tsang wins Chief Executive election|publisher=Information Services Department of HKSAR|date=2007-03-25|accessdate=2007-03-26] to select the Chief Executive of Hong Kong at AsiaWorld-Expo. The third Chief Executive term began on 1 July 2007. The CE was selected by an 800-member Election Committee (EC) (which represented about 0.01% of Hong Kong's population).

This was the first CE Election in which there was more than one candidate, as Alan Leong (梁家傑), a member of the Civic Party, ran against the incumbent, Donald Tsang (曾蔭權), who was finishing the Tung Chee Hwa's second term in 2005. It has been said that the competitive nature of this election, with debates held between the candidates, changed Hong Kong's political culture.

Donald Tsang was re-elected with 649 votes to Alan Leong's 123. There were also 5 invalid votes.

Election committee

The pro-democracy camp had fielded 156 candidates in the EC membership contest, and they had initially expected to win 72 seats.Fact|date=March 2007 The democrats actually won 114 seats, from 137 candidates. There were in addition about twenty pro-democracy LegCo members who are "ex officio" members of the EC who were expected to back Leong, assuring Leong of the 100 nominations needed.

All pro-democracy candidates in Accountancy, Education, Engineering, Health services, Higher education, IT and Legal won; the pro-democracy Legal candidates won all the seats in their sector.

Voting

Incumbent Donald Tsang had been widely expected to secure re-election by a landslide, as he had received nominations from 641 members of the same body. The pro-democracy candidate, Alan Leong of the Civic Party (公民黨), secured 132 nominations, ensuring that he would contest the election, the first opposed CE election.

Although the outcome of the election was a foregone conclusion, it was hoped that the debates would stimulate discussion about the future direction of Hong Kong, were meant for the respective candidates to put forward their political visions for public scrutiny.

Controversy

In an apparent attempt to maximize votes for Tsang, Stanley Ho had suggested that those casting blank votes could be tracked down. This caused a furore, prompting a senior mainland official and top local advisers to Beijing to defend the secrecy of the Chief Executive election vote [cite web|url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=11&art_id=40004&sid=12630449&con_type=1&d_str=20070313&sear_year=2007 |title=Officials rush to fix Ho poll gaffe |first=Carrie |last =Chan| publisher=The Standard|date=13 March 2007 |accessdate=2007-03-26| ] .

Ho later issued a statement clarifying: "According to traditional wisdom, those who make mischief will one day be unveiled," "I was merely reminding those who intend to cast blank votes that the day will come when they will be unveiled. My remarks carried no other implication." [cite web|url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=11&art_id=40105&sid=12648054&con_type=1&d_str=20070314&sear_year=2007 |title=Voting remarks `distorted,' claims Ho |first=Carrie |last =Chan| publisher=The Standard|date=14 March 2007 |accessdate=2007-03-26| ]

Election debates

The first debate consisted of an audience of 900, mainly the politicians, including the 530 Election Committee members. The public was excluded. The second debate consisted of an audience of 200 people randomly chosen by the University of Hong Kong and the Lingnan University.

The first debate was held on 1 March 2007, at the Hong Kong Convention and Exhibition Centre (香港會議展覽中心) from 7:00pm to 8:30pm, presided by Rita Fan (范徐麗泰); the second 90-minute debate was held on 15 March 2007 at the TVB City in Tseung Kwan O, co-organized by the 8 main media corporations in Hong Kong. Both debates were broadcast live by TVB, ATV and RTHK.

The first debate

This was the first time for Hong Kong to have a broadcasting debate between the Chief Executive candidates. Citizens expected the 2 candidates to have an in-depth discussion about the policy in the future.

Format

530 members of the Election Committee attended the forum, which was stage-managed. The general public was not allowed to attend the debate but their questions to the candidates were collected in advance through fax or e-mails. A total of 3,409 questions were submitted, and 6 of them were selected for the candidates to answer in the debate. [cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/chinese/trad/hi/newsid_6400000/newsid_6408500/6408547.stm|title=特首選舉論壇 候選人舌槍唇劍|publisher=BBC News|date=2007-03-01|accessdate=2007-03-26|language=Traditional Chinese]

Direct questioning between the candidates was prohibited. The 90 minute debate was divided into 4 sessions. The two candidates were first given 3 minutes to deliver their election platform; Leong went first. After that there was a question-and-answer session. Each of the chosen questioners had 30 seconds in which to raise questions, and the candidates were allowed 20 minutes to respond to each question without using any props, notes, charts or diagrams.

After the Q&A, Tsang was the first one to give his conclusion of the debate.

Issues

Questions raised by 22 members of the Election Committee and 7 citizens covered areas of democracy (doubts on universal suffrage), economic development, educational reform, etc. The issues which drew most heated argument from both candidates concerned democratic development and the relationship between central and SAR governments.

Leong challenged Tsang to support the target of universal suffrage in 2012. Leong suggested the central government's pragmatic and rational attitude was amply demonstrated by the total trust it put in Tsang, once considered a remnant of the British colonial government. Tsang said it would be "dangerous and unworkable" if his opponent was elected. [cite web|url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=12&art_id=39276&sid=12470476&con_type=3&d_str=20070302&sear_year=2007 |title=Sparks fly in face-off|first=Michael |last =Ng| publisher=The Standard|date=2 March 2007 |accessdate=2007-03-26| ] .

Protests

Election Committee member "Long Hair" Leung Kwok-hung (梁國雄) interrupted the debate just before the introduction of election platform by Tsang. He mocked both by putting on a bowtie and put a handkerchief in his pocket, adopted clichés of Tsang and Leong respectively. He crawled in front of the stage and shouted slogans opposing the small-circle election, but was escorted out by 10 security guards.

Other organizations also protested outside the venue concerned mainly about the lack of public participation in the forum, and also some social problems which existed in society.

Outcome

The first debate attracted 1.863 million viewers, approximately 27 percent of the local population cite web|url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=11&art_id=39339&sid=12488784&con_type=1&d_str=20070303&sear_year=2007 |title=Public will not be misled by `beautiful words,' says Tsang|first=Michael |last =Ng| publisher=The Standard|date=3 March 2007 |accessdate=2007-03-26| ] .

Most of the local newspapers did not report much on the contents of the election platform proposed by the two candidates, but rather reported more on their debating skills, behaviour, presentation and even how they dressed in the forum.

A surveycite web|url=http://hkupop.hku.hk/chinese/release/release441.html|title=HKU POP SITE releases focus analyses of the First CE Election Forum Instant Poll|publisher=University of Hong Kong Public Opinion Programme|date=2007-03-14|accessdate=2007-03-26] conducted by the University of Hong Kong shows that after the debate Tsang still leads. A public opinion programme organized by the University of Hong Kong has shown that 46.5% of the 510 respondents considered Tsang outperformed Leong while 33.9% of them thought the opposite. 67.9% of them said that they would vote for Tsang as the Chief Executive and only 21.7% of them would vote for Leong if they had the voting right. Tsang apparently won public support because of his strength in the details of policy issues, while Leong's understanding of public finances and other policies seemed to be weaker than Tsang.

Both candidates gained increased support from the general public after debate as indicated by the survey results, compared to a previous survey where only 65.3% and 16.1% of the respondents support Tsang and Leong being elected respectively. Nevertheless, all the figures reflect an unexpected performance displayed by Leong, who adopted a combative approach and seized every opportunity to attack Tsang's record, especially in terms of environmental protection and the possibility of universal suffrage by 2012. On the other hand, Tsang appeared to present himself as a statesman defending his record, rather than attacking the weaknesses of Leongcite web|url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=11&art_id=39267&sid=12471145&con_type=1&d_str=20070302&sear_year=2007 |title=Humble Tsang takes it on chin in first screen test |first=Carrie |last =Chan| publisher=The Standard|date=2 March 2007 |accessdate=2007-03-26| ] .

A survey conducted right after the debate by the Public Governance Programme of Lingnan University showed that 61.4% of the 611 respondents "supported" Tsang while just 25.9% of them supported Leong. In the survey, 26.7% of the respondents had an improved impression upon Tsang after the debate; while 13.1% of them had a less favourable impression, and 57.4% of them had an unchanged impression of Tsang. By contrast, 36.5% of the 611 respondents had a more favourable impression of Leong.

Liberal Party Chairman, James Tien said that although Tsang's campaign office apparently "lacked preparation", his performance "would not undermine the central government's support for him".

The second debate

Format

200 members of the general public were allowed to participate in this event to raise questions. This debate was divided into 3 sessions: social livelihood, politics and economics as themes for each session. During the debate, the two candidates respectively answered 9 questions from the audience and 6 from the media.

Issues

During the second debate, Tsang said that the commitment to universal suffrage was enshrined in the Basic Law, a national policy which nobody could change. He promised he will start planning and negotiating the issue on the universal suffrage within the coming 5 years if he was successfully renewed in the post.

On the other hand, faced with certain defeat at the poll, Leong said that "Hong Kong has triumphed in this first ever contested race in Hong Kong and China's democratic history." And he vowed to return in the 2012 universal suffrage election [cite web| title =`Genuine' Tsang turns aggressive
first = Carrie| last =Chan |date =16 March 2007
url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=12&art_id=40288&sid=12691962&con_type=1&d_str=20070316&sear_year=2007] . In response, NPC chairman Wu Bangguo, was quoted as replying the final decision on matters related to Hong Kong's political system rested with the central government and not the SAR governmentcite web|url=http://www.thestandard.com.hk/news_detail.asp?pp_cat=12&art_id=40352&sid=12706541&con_type=3&d_str=20070317&sear_year=2007 |title=Ten years and no interference: Wen |first=Michael |last =Ng| publisher=The Standard|date=17 March 2007 |accessdate=2007-03-26| ] .

Outcome

According to the second survey on Chief Executive Forumcarried out by the University of Hong Kong, the instant poll showed that 38.9% of 520 respondents thought that Tsang's performance of was better than that of Leong, while 39.3% of the respondents thought Leong performed better. The result shows a significant difference, compared with the first instant poll, in which Mr. Leong was behind his rival.

Results

Protests

Some pro-democracy politicians boycotted the CE and EC elections, claiming that to participate would legitimize undemocratic practices.

Emily Lau of "the Frontier" was one such critic. "It will be a beautiful misunderstanding if some people believe they need not do anything more and that universal suffrage will be introduced some day,", she said.

On the day before the EC elections, the Civil Human Rights Front organised a protest where they walked backwards around LegCo 7 times, then marched slowly to Central Government Offices, symbolising the great leap backwards for democracy which they believed the EC represented. Leung Kwok-hung trapped himself in a giant bird cage and followed Leong around on EC election day to protest Leong's participation.

References

External links

* [http://www.elections.gov.hk/ce2007 The Third Term Chief Executive Election Official Website]