Jean-Louis Michel

Infobox Military Person
name=Jean-Louis Michel


caption=Jean Louis
born=1785
died=1865
placeofbirth=Saint-Domingue
placeofdeath=Montpellier
placeofburial=Montpellier
placeofburial_label=
nickname=
allegiance=France
branch=
serviceyears=
rank=
unit=32nd Regiment of the 3rd Division
commands=
battles=
awards=
relations=
laterwork=

Jean-Louis Michel (1785 – 1865) was a mulatto fencing master, sometimes hailed as the foremost exponent of the art of fencing in the nineteenth century.

Biography

Early life

Jean-Louis was born in Saint-Domingue (now part of Haiti) in 1785. In his youth, Jean Louis took part in a winner take all tournament to the death. In the final Jean-Louis, a slight man of around 5' 2", duelled for 1 whole hour with a Spanish opponent who was 6 ft tall. Then as the Spaniard lost concentration Jean-Louis finished him.

In Napoleon's Army

Jean-Louis served as a soldier in the French army under Napoleon.

He was most famous for a series of regimental duels held outside Madrid, Spain, in 1814. Italian soldiers from the 1st Regiment and French soldiers from the 32nd Regiment of the 3rd Division of the French Army quarreled. Within 40 minutes, Jean-Louis is reputed to have killed three Italian masters including the Florentine master, Giacomo Ferrari, and wounded 10 others with 27 thrusts.

On another occasion, having been subject to repeated insults, he insisted in defending himself using only a training foil against a larger opponent armed with a rapier. Jean Louis adopted the most familiar tactic of retreating until his opponent tired himself with a series of clumsy attacks, whereupon he suddenly parried strongly and riposted with a wicked slash to the face, thereby teaching him a lesson in humility.

Retirement

He refused a commission, and in 1830, he retired to Montpellier, where he opened a fencing school. In later life he taught that fencing to the death was a blight on society.

Legacy

His style, which emphasised the conservation of movement, was a major influence on the French school of fencing, despite leaving no written record. This also led to his attempts to remove tierce from the classic parries.

He is credited with the sayings, "A foil should be held as one holds a little bird; not so tightly as to crush it, but just enough to prevent it escaping from the hand." [Vigeant, Arsène. Un Maître d'Armes sous la Restauration. Paris, 1883.] , and "Fencing is the art of conciliation."

Vigeant said of him "Jean-Louis' face which appeared hard at first meeting, hid a soul of great goodness and generosity."

The New Zealand fencing club, Salle Jean Louis, has a direct link to Jean Louis himself, through his Prevost, one M. Broutin to his son, to two English fencers (John and Victor Millard), to Bert Raper. Salle Jean Louis was founded in Auckland by Bert Raper in 1955. He in turn instructed Brian Pickworth and Dot Guard.

References