Franz Hein

Infobox_Scientist
name = Franz Hein


image_width =
caption = Franz Hein
birth_date = 1892
birth_place = Grötzingen, Germany
residence =
nationality = German
death_date = 1976
death_place = Germany, Radebeul
field =
work_institution =
alma_mater = University of Leipzig
doctoral_advisor = Arthur Rudolf Hantzsch
doctoral_students =
known_for = discovery of "π"-(arene) complexes of chromium(I)
prizes =
religion =
footnotes =

Franz Hein (1892-1976) was a German scientist. One of his notable contributions is in the discovery of "π"-(arene) complexes of chromium(I).

History

Franz Hein was born in Grötzingen (Baden), Germany. His high school years were spent in Leipzig, as well as, his college years at the University of Leipzig. He completed his Ph.D. in 1917 on optical studies of bismuth and triphenylmethane derivatives. Hein made "Assistant" at the University and in 1920 "Oberassistent". He continued working on his "Habilitation" becoming a professor in 1923. [cite journal | author = D. Seyferth | title = Bis(benzene)chromium. 1. Franz Hein at the University of Leipzig and Harold Zeiss and Minoru Tsutsui at Yale | year = 2002 | journal = Organometallics | volume = 21 | issue = 8 | pages = 1520–1530 | doi = 10.1021/om0201056 ] With the completion of his "Habilitation", Hein went to work on organometallic system electrochemistry [(a) Hein, F. Z. "Elektrochem". 1922, "28", 469. (b) Hein, F.; Wagler, K.; Segitz, F. A.; Petzschner, E. Z. "Anorg. Allg. Chem." 1924, "141", 161. (c) Hein, F.; Meininger, H. Z. "Anorg. Allg. Chem." 1925, "145", 95. (d) Hein, F.; Segitz, F. A. Z. "Anorg. Allg. Chem." 1926, "158", 153. (e) Hein, F.; Schramm, H. Z. "Phys. Chem." 1930, "149", 408. (f) Hein, F.; Schramm, H. Z. "Phys. Chem." 1930, "151", 234. (g) Hein, F.; Pauling, H. Z. "Elektrochem." 1932, "38", 25. (h) Hein, F.; Pauling, H. Z. "Phys. Chem." 1933, "165", 338. ] . From 1941 to 1965, he worked on main-group-metal derivatives of metal carbonyls [(a) Hein, F.; Pobloth, H. Z. "Anorg. Allg. Chem." 1941, "248", 84. (b) Hein, F.; Heuser, E. Z. "Anorg. Allg. Chem." 1942, "249", 293. (c) Hein, F.; Heuser, E. Z. "Anorg. Allg. Chem." 1947, "254", 138. (d) Hein, F.; Heuser, E. Z. "Anorg. Allg. Chem." 1947, "255", 125. (e) Hein, F.; Scheiter, H. Z. "Anorg. Allg. Chem." 1949, "259", 183. (f) Hein, F.; Kleinert, P.; Jehn, W. "Naturwissenschaften" 1957, "44", 34. (g) Hein, F.; Jehn, W. "Liebigs Ann. Chem." 1965, "684", 4. ] . After 1942, Hein moved from Leipzig to the Friedrich Schiller University of Jena where he became the Director of the Institute for Inorganic Chemistry. War came in March 1945 and the University was destroyed. Hein came back to help rebuild towards the end of 1946. Until his retirement, he held a position as a chair in inorganic chemistry until 1959.

Phenylchromium compounds

With the reaction of anhydrous chromium(III) chloride (CrCl₃) and phenylmagnesium bromide (C₆H₅MgBr), Hein created a mixture of compounds that would change the world of chemistry. While unable to determine the structure of his compounds, he started the journey that would unfold the answers. He was able to produce what he called phenylmagnesium salts. Hein denoted them as: (C₆H₅)₅CrX [Hein, F. "Ber. Dtsch. Chem. Ges." 1919, 52, 192. ] , (C₆H₅)₄CrX, [cite journal | author = F. A. Cotton | title = Alkyls And Aryls of Transition Metals | year = 1955 | journal = Chem. Rev. | volume = 55 | issue = 3 | pages = 551–594 | doi = 10.1021/cr50003a003] and (C₆H₅)₃CrX [Oesper, R.E. "J. Chem. Educ." 1953, 30, 315.] . Based on observed chemistry at that time, these were reasonable structures. However, it was later found that the correct structures were of sandwich compound type complexs. The discovery of ferrocene and the research done by Zeiss, Tsutsui, and others lead to this structure determination.

ee also

* Bis(benzene)chromium

References