Gyrostigma

Taxobox
name = "Gyrostigma"
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Arthropoda
subphylum = Hexapoda
classis = Insecta
subclassis = Pterygota
infraclassis = Neoptera
superordo = Endopterygota|
ordo = Diptera
subordo = Brachycera
infraordo = Muscomorpha
zoosectio = Schizophora
zoosubsectio = Calyptratae
superfamilia = Oestroidea
subfamilia = Gasterophilinae
genus = "Gyrostigma"
genus_authority = Hope, 1840
subdivision_ranks = Species
subdivision = "G. rhinocerontis" "G. conjungens" "G. sumatrensis"

"Gyrostigma" is a genus of botfly which parasitize rhinoceroses. The best-known species is "Gyrostigma rhinocerontis", the rhinoceros stomach botfly, which develops in the stomach lining of the Black Rhinoceros and White Rhinoceros of Africa, and the adult of which is the largest fly known in Africa.

Two other species are known. "G. conjungens" was discovered in the stomach of a Kenyan Black Rhinoceros in 1901, but has not been observed since 1961. The other is "G. sumatrensis", which was found in a captive Sumatran Rhinoceros in 1884 but has not been observed since. Due to the difficulty of observing these short-lived flies, it is possible that there are other species corresponding to the other species of rhinoceros, but they remain undescribed. It is also possible that several species of Gyrostigma are extinct because rhinoceros populations are tiny owing to their state of endangerment.

References

* Barraclough, David A. "Bushels of Bots". In "Natural History", June 2006.