Bembix rostrata

Taxobox | name = "Bembix rostrata"

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image_width = 250px
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Arthropoda
classis = Insecta
ordo = Hymenoptera
familia = Crabronidae
genus = "Bembix"
species = "B. rostrata"
binomial = "Bembix rostrata"
binomial_authority = (Fabricius, 1781)

"Bembix rostrata" is a protected species of sand wasp native to Central Europe. The genus "Bembix" - of which "B. rostrata" is among the most distinctive species - has over 340 species worldwide and is found mostly in warm regions with open, sandy soils; Australia and Africa have a particularly rich variety of species.

Distribution

"B. rostrata" ranges in distribution from Europe and the Mediterranean to Central Asia, and as far north as Denmark and Sweden.

Characteristics

"B. rostrata" displays distinctive behaviour in front of its nest, digging its burrows with fast, synchronised movements of its forelegs. In addition, the insect can turn very rapidly about its own axis, the flapping of its wings as it does this producing a buzzing sound reminiscent of a gyroscope. Its size (15-24 mm), striking yellow and black-striped abdomen and the labrum, extended into a narrow beak, are distinctive features.

Behaviour

"B. rostrata" forms colonies of between a dozen and several hundred insects, where the females each construct a tube up to 20 cm long containing a single brood cell. This is stocked with dozens of insects, predominantly large flies (Tabanidae, Syrphidae), which provide the larva with food for its two-week development to the imago stage. The female carefully re-seals the nest tube after each feeding. Because of this intensive maternal care, a female can raise at most only 8 larvae during the high summer. "B. rostata" is very faithful to its nest sites, often nesting in the same places year-on-year, even if these change over time and alternative habitats are available.

The species has become rare due to loss of large open-sand surfaces in warm areas, such as in the sand dunes of the upper Rhine Graben. It is also the host for several parasitoids in families such as Bombyliidae, Conopidae and Mutillidae. A cuckoo wasp which specialises in "B. rostrata" is "Parnopes grandior".

The behaviour of "B. rostrata" led the famous naturalist Jean-Henri Fabre to conduct intensive studies of the species.

References

*cite book |author=Evans, H. E. |year=1957 |title=Studies on the comparative ethology of digger wasps of the genus "Bembix' |pages=248 pp |publisher=Ithaca: Comstock
*cite journal |quotes=no |author=Guichard, K. M. |year=1989 |title=The genus "Bembix" (Hymenoptera: Sphecidae) in Arabia |journal=Fauna of Saudi Arabia |volume=10 |pages=134–151
*cite journal |quotes =no |author=Hemmingson, A. M. & Nielson, E. T. |year=1925 |title=Über die Lebensinstinkte der dänischen "Bembix rostrata" L. |journal=Entomologiske Meddelelser |volume=16 |pages=14–127 de icon

External links