Kazuo Sakamaki

Infobox Military Person
name= Kazuo Sakamaki
lived= November 8, 1918 - November 29, 1999
placeofbirth=Japan
placeofdeath=


caption=
nickname=
allegiance= Empire of Japan
serviceyears=
rank=Ensign
branch= navy|Empire of Japan
commands=
unit=
battles= Attack on Pearl Harbor
awards=
laterwork=

Ensign Kazuo Sakamaki (酒巻和男 "Sakamaki Kazuo", November 8, 1918 - November 29, 1999) was a Japanese naval officer. He was one of ten sailors (5 officers and 5 petty officers) who volunteered to attack Pearl Harbor in a Ko-hyoteki class midget submarine. Of the ten, the other nine were killed (including the other crewman in his sub, Kiyoshi Inagaki) and Sakamaki was captured by the Americans, becoming the first prisoner held by the Americans in World War II.

As an ensign in the Japanese imperial navy, Sakamaki and crewman Kyoshi Inagaki were aboard a tiny "midget" submarine that was pummeled by American depth charges and cannon shells at the entrance to Pearl Harbor on the morning of Dec. 7, 1941. Sakamaki and Inagaki were overcome by battery fumes and spent the remainder of Dec. 7 unconscious and drifting. When they came to, they were near Waimanalo Beach. They set an explosive charge aboard the submarine and tried to swim ashore. Inagaki died in the attempt, and Sakamaki was captured by Hawaiian soldier David Akui. All the rest of the midget submariners perished in the attack, and Sakamaki was deeply humiliated to be taken alive as Prisoner of War No. 1. He burned himself with cigarettes in prison on Sand Island and demanded to be allowed to commit suicide. American guards refused.

His submarine was also captured intact and became a valuable war-bond recruiting tool, touring the United States. (The National Park Service at Pearl Harbor loaned the submarine in 1990 to the Admiral Nimitz Pacific War Museum in Texas, and the Texans lobbied fiercely to keep the craft there rather than have it returned to Hawaii). Sakamaki moved steadily around POW camps on the mainland United States, an experience that offered him lots of solitary time to reflect on the nature of war. He granted an interview to an American newspaper reporter while at a POW camp in Minnesota; the reporter, Avery Wittenberger, lives in a Wisconsin nursing home as of August 2008. When the war ended, he returned to Japan deeply committed to pacifism.

There, Sakamaki was not warmly received. He wrote an account of his experience, titled "The First Prisoner" in Japan and "I Attacked Pearl Harbor" in the United States, and thereafter refused to speak about the war.

After the war, he found work with the Toyota Motor Corp. and became president of its Brazilian subsidiary in 1969. In 1983, he returned to Japan and worked for Toyota before retiring in 1987. In 1991, Sakamaki attended a historical conference in Texas and was reunited with his submarine for the first time in 50 years. He wept.

After a lifetime of avoiding the spotlight, Kazuo Sakamaki passed away on Nov. 29, 1999, at 81. His passion for privacy was such that his family did not release the news of his death for nearly a month. He left a wife and two children who were not named in news accounts.

External links

* [http://starbulletin.com/2002/05/11/news/whatever.html WWII's first Japanese prisoner shunned the spotlight]
* [http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9F07E2DF1F30F932A15751C1A96F958260 Kazuo Sakamaki, 81, Pacific P.O.W. No. 1]
* [http://www.history.navy.mil/docs/wwii/pearl/ph97.htm USS Ward, Report of Pearl Harbor Attack]