- Ignicoccus
Taxobox
color = darkgray
name = "Ignicoccus"
regnum =Archaea
phylum =Crenarchaeota
classis =Thermoprotei
ordo =Desulfurococcales
familia =Desulfurococcaceae
genus = "Ignicoccus"
subdivision_ranks = Species
subdivision = "Ignicoccus islandicus ""
Ignicoccus pacificus ""Ignicoccus sp. KIN4I"
synonyms =
* "Ignicoccus"Huber "et al". 2000"Ignicoccus" is a genus of
Archaea living in marinehydrothermal vent s. They were discovered inKolbeinsey Ridge north ofIceland and in thePacific Ocean (at 9 degrees N, 104 degrees W) in 2000 (Huber et al., 2000).ystematics
According to the comparisons of 16S
rRNA genes, "Ignicoccus" represents a new, deeply branching lineage within the family of the Desulfurococcaceae (Huber et al., 2002). Three species are known, "Ignicoccus islandicus ", "Ignicoccus pacificus " and "Ignicoccus" sp. strainKIN4I (as yet unnamed).Cell structure
The archebacteria of the genus "Ignicoccus" have tiny coccoid cells with a diameter of about 2
µm , that exhibit a smooth surface, an outer membrane and noS-layer .They have a previously unknown
cell envelope structure - a cytoplasmic membrane, aperiplasmic space (with a variable width of 20 to 400 nm, containing membrane-bound vesicles), and an outer membrane (approximately 10 nm wide, resembling the outer membrane ofgram-negative bacteria). The latter contains numerous tightly, irregularly packed single particles (about 8 nm in diameter) and pores with a diameter of 24 nm, surrounded by tiny particles, arranged in a ring (with a diameter of 130 nm) and clusters of up to eight particles (each particle 12 nm in diameter) (Rachel et al. 2002).Physiology
"Ignicocci" live in a temperature range of 70-98 °C (optimum around 90 °C). They gain energy by reduction of elemental
sulfur tohydrogen sulfide using molecular hydrogen as theelectron donor (Huber et al., 2002). A unique symbiosis with (or parasitism of) nanoarchaea has also been reported (Huber et al., 2002).References
*Huber H, Burggraf S, Mayer T, Wyschkony I, Rachel R, Stetter KO "Ignicoccus gen. nov., a novel genus of hyperthermophilic, chemolithoautotrophic Archaea, represented by two new species, Ignicoccus islandicus sp nov and Ignicoccus pacificus sp nov. and Ignicoccus pacificus sp. nov", Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2000 Nov;50 Pt 6:2093-100
*cite journal |author=Rachel R, Wyschkony I, Riehl S, Huber H |title=The ultrastructure of Ignicoccus: evidence for a novel outer membrane and for intracellular vesicle budding in an archaeon |journal=Archaea |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=9–18 |year=2002 |month=March |pmid=15803654 |url=http://archaea.ws/archive/freetext/1-9.pdf
*Huber H, Hohn MJ, Rachel R, Fuchs T, Wimmer VC, Stetter KO. "A new phylum of Archaea represented by a nanosized hyperthermophilic symbiont", Nature, 417(6884):27-8, 2002
Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.