T29 heavy tank

T29 heavy tank

Infobox Weapon
name= Heavy Tank T29


caption=
type=Heavy tank
origin=flagcountry|United States
is_vehicle=yes
service=trials only
used_by=United States Army
wars=
designer=
design_date=
manufacturer=
unit_cost=
production_date=
number=
variants=
weight= 141,500 lbs (64.0 tonnes) combat loaded
length= 37 ft 11.5 in (11.57 m) gun forward, 32 ft 9 in (10 m) gun aft
width= 12 ft 5.5 in (3.80 m) over sand shields
height= 10 ft 6 in (3.20 m) over cupola
crew= 6 (driver, commander, gunner, loader {left}, loader {right}) [Hunnicutt, "Firepower", p.197.]
armour= hull front upper 4 in (102 mm) at 54 degrees
hull front lower 2.75 in (70 mm) at 58 degrees
gun shield 8 to 11 inches (203 to 279 mm)
turret front 7 in (178 mm) at 0 degrees
turret sides 5 in (127 mm) at 0 degrees [Hunnicutt, "Firepower", p.197.]
primary_armament= 105 mm gun T5E2 (63 rounds)
secondary_armament= 2 x .50 (12.7mm) Browning M2HB machineguns, coaxial
1x .50 M2HB flexible AA (2,420 rounds)
1x .30 Browning M1919A4, bow (2,500 rounds)
engine= 1649 cubic inch (27 liter) Ford GAC four cycle 60 degree V12 [Hunnicutt, "Firepower", p.197.] gasoline
engine_power= 650 hp at 2800 rpm
transmission=General Motors CD-850-1 crossdrive, three speeds (two forward, one reverse); rear drive sprocket
fuel_capacity= 300 US gallons (1140 liters), 80 octane
pw_ratio= 10 hp/tonne
suspension= torsion-bar
cclearance= 18.8 in (48 cm)
vehicle_range=
speed= 32 km/h (20 mi/h)

The Heavy Tank T29 was an American tank project started in March 1944 to counter the new German tanks. The T26E3 (M26 Pershing), weighing around 45 tonnes, was not considered heavily enough armed or armoured to counter the Tiger II , which weighed closer to 70 tonnes. The T29 was not ready in time for the war in Europe, but it did provide scientists after the war opportunities for testing the engineering concepts in artillery and automotive components.

The T29 was based upon a lengthened version of the T26E3 hull and featured heavier armour, an uprated Ford GAC engine providing about 750 bhp and a massive new turret incorporating the high velocity 105 mm gun T5. It weighed about 70 tons and was highly comparable to the German Tiger II in terms of both firepower and protection. Other trial models had Allison V1710 V12s. [Hunnicutt, "Firepower", p.198.]

Developed at the same time and closely related to the T29, the Heavy Tank T30 was virtually identical but mounted a 155 mm gun T7 and featured a more powerful engine and an extra crew member to help load the gun.

In 1945, with the war in Europe already over, the T29 and T30 were classified "limited procurement" and a small order proposed on the basis their large guns and heavy armour would be useful for attacking Japanese bunkers. Army Ground Forces command, however, objected to the deployment of such heavy vehicles and the war ended before the issue was resolved, so only a small batch of pilot models were constructed.

The final variation of the T29 concept, the Heavy Tank T34, mounted a 120 mm gun based upon the then-current 120 mm anti-aircraft gun. There were only two prototypes, one converted from one of the T29 pilot models and one converted from a T30. Once again, the end of the war curtailed further development, but the experience gained with the T34 was valuable in the development of the M103 heavy tank.

References


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