Royal Order of Kapiolani

The Royal Order of Kapiokinaolani (Kapiokinaolani e Hookanaka) was instituted on 30 August, 1880 by King Kalākaua I to recognize services in the cause of humanity, for merit in Science and the Arts, or for special services rendered to the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi. He named the Order in memory of Queen Kapiʻolani - his wife and early exponent of Christianity in the Hawaiian Islands - and her namesake, Kapiʻolani The Great. This Order was awarded 177 times in all grades during Kalākaua I's reign, and three more times by his successor, Queen Liliʻuokalani. The last award of the Order took place on 2 June, 1892; in 1893 the Order became obsolete.

Grades

The Order was awarded in six grades:
* Grand Cross
* High Grand Officer
* Grand Officer
* Commander
* Officer
* Companion (Knight) [The Companion Cross was abolished on 23 June, 1884.]
* Medal of Honor, 1st (silver) and 2nd-degree (bronze) [Those awarded Medals of Honor did not enjoy the privilege of holding rank in the Order.]

Granting the insignia and awards of the Order was determined by the number of living members of the Order. At any given time there could only be:

* Grand Cross - 12 recipients
* High Grand Officer - 15 recipients
* Grand Officer - 20 recipients
* Commander - 30 recipients
* Officer - 50 recipients
* Companion (Knight) - 60 recipients
* Medal of Honor - no limit to recipients

Insignia of the Order

Grand Cross

The insignia of the Grand Cross includes the badge, breast star and grand cordon.

The Order's badge comprises a red enameled gold Maltese cross, surmounted by a gold Hawaiian crown. Between the arms of the cross are gold Hawaiian crowns in angles. A center disc of red and white enamel displays a gold double-K monogram, surrounded by a white enamel band, on which is inscribed "KULIA I KANUU" - "Strive to Reach the Summit". At end of the cross is a small, gold locket with the portrait of Queen Kapiʻolani. On the reverse is a single red disc, with the motto "KULIA".

The star of the Grand Cross of Order is an octagonal silver star, on which is superimposed the badge without the surmounted crown.

The grand cordon is yellow, bordered by narrow stripes of the colors the Hawaiian flag: white, red and dark-blue. The badge is fastened to the sash's bow and rests on the hip.

High Grand Officer

High Grand Officers bear the same insignia as the Grand Cross, except the badge is not worn on a sash, rather on a neck ribbon of alternating yellow and red strips.

Grand Officer

Grand Officers wear only the breast star.

Commander

The insignia of Commander is identical to that of Grand Cross, except the Commander wears only the sash. In addition, on the badge the crowns between the arms of the cross are silver, not gold.

Officer & Companion

The Officer and Companion cross use an identical badge to that of the Commander, albeit markedly smaller in size. These decorations are breast badges suspended by the badge's crown on a riband of alternating yellow and red stripes. A rosette is affixed to the riband of the Officer cross.

Medals of Honor

The Medals of Honor are similar to the Companion cross; however they lack the crowns between the arms of the cross and the badge's crown surmounting the cross. The medal of the 1st-degree is made of silver, and the 2nd-degree of bronze.

Annuity

Along with being granted insignia of the Order, an annuity was given to the recipients: $150 for the Grand Cross, $130 for the Grand High Officer, $125 for the Grand Officer, $100 for the Commander, $75 for the Officer and $50 for the Companion.

Trivia

The first recipient of the Royal Order of Kapiʻolani was Auguste Jean Baptiste Marques. He was made Commander in 1880. [http://hml.org/mmhc/mdindex/marques.html]

Notes

References

Medcalf, Donald & Ronald Russell (1978)."Hawaiian Money: Standard Catalog: Includes Tokens, Medals & Royal Orders".Honolulu: Nani Stamp & Coin LTD. ISBN 0-931388-00-7.

Werlich, Robert (1965)."Orders & Decorations of All Nations: Ancient & Modern, Civil & Military". Quaker Press. ISBN 1-151-37961-1.

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