EMusic

Infobox Online music service
service_name=eMusic
service_
service_

opened=January, 1998
pricing=30-day subscription
platforms=MP3s downloadable in any platform; open-source clients available for Microsoft Windows, Mac OS X and Linux
format=MP3 (.mp3)
restrictions=None
catalogue=4,500,000+ tracks, 4,500+ audiobooks
preview=30 seconds
streaming=m3u
trial=7 days music, 14 days audiobooks, [http://www.emusic.com]
protocol=Hypertext Transfer Protocol (http://)
availability=United States, Canada, Europe, United Kingdom
features=Booster packs
support=
homepage= [http://www.emusic.com www.emusic.com]
footnotes=

eMusic is an online music store that operates by subscription. It is headquartered in New York City and owned by Dimensional Associates, LLC. As of September 2008 eMusic has over 400,000 subscribers.

eMusic differs from other well-known subscription music services (such as Napster and Rhapsody) in that the files available for download are in the MP3 format, making them fully compatible with all digital music players, and free from digital rights management software restrictions such as expiration dates, or copying or CD burning limitations.

While lauded by the general public, the lack of digital rights management (DRM) encoding and low price model have made the service unappealing to the Big Four record labels, leading it to specialize in underground artists and non-mainstream music genres, including indie rock, pop, jazz, electronica, new age, underground rap, traditional music, classical music, hardcore punk, and experimental music, all on independent labels.

Files

Due to the contentious nature of DRM encoding utilized by competing download services, eMusic has won praise for not including any in their own files, despite the fact that it has cost them contracts with the major record labels. They have openly stated that this is a business move that has greatly aided the site's popularity.cite news|url=http://arstechnica.com/articles/culture/emusic.ars|title=Making money selling music without DRM: the rise of eMusic|first=Nate|last=Anderson|date=2006-05-22|work=Ars Technica|accessdate=2006-09-04] As Apple does not currently license FairPlay--the DRM format compatible with their popular iPod player, used in files downloaded from their iTunes Music Store--doing away with such protections is the only means for a competing company to offer iPod-compatible downloads. [cite web|title=About Us|work=eMusic|url=http://www.emusic.com/about/index.html|accessdate=2006-09-04] EMusic stores a record of user purchases on its internal servers, but does not place any purchaser information inside the tracks that are sold.Fact|date=January 2008

The record labels working with eMusic don't worry about file sharing of their music because eMusic users tend to be older, and less likely to engage in file sharing.cite news|title=EMusic's pitch: Download song — and own it| url=http://www.usatoday.com/tech/products/services/2006-07-30-emusic_x.htm|first=Jefferson|last=Graham|publisher=USA Today|date=2006-07-30|accessdate=2006-09-04] cite news|url= http://www.directmag.com/mag/marketing_finely_tuned/|title=Finely TUNED|date=2001-09-01|first=Beth Negus|last= Viveiros| publisher=DIRECT magazine ] The type of college students who tend to participate in file-sharing either couldn't or wouldn't pay for music online, so eMusic is more targeted at avid music fans. Gene Rumsey, general manager of Concord Music Group, says eMusic fans are not the typical college-age file sharers. They are more rabid fans who he believes are less likely to engage in online song swapping. Serious music fans would also appreciate that musicians are actually paid for every download.

The eMusic service uses the LAME mp3 encoder to produce variable bit rate MP3 files. Analysis on the files show that the preset used is alt-preset-standard, a high quality VBR preset. The Emusic site, most likely in error, states they encode with an average bitrate of 192 kbit/s. cite web|title=Emusic Technical Help|url=http://www.emusic.com/help/technical.html| accessdate=2007-03-13]

Status

EMusic had 4,500,000 tracks available for download [cite web|url=http://www.emusic.com/help/general.html#q2|Title=Emusic help] and sold over 100,000,000 tracks as of December 2006. [cite web|url= http://www.emusic.com/about/pr/pr20061213.html|title=eMusic sells 100 Million downloads; Catalogue surpasses 2 Million tracks| date=2006-12-13|accessdate=2006-12-28] New subscribers receive 25 free downloads over a period of 14 days. The trial account turns into a billable subscription account immediately after registering for a trial. Refunds are possible under certain circumstances by contacting eMusic customer support. Subscriptions allow users to download a number of tracks per 30-day period. As of September 2008 a basic package allows for 30 downloads, with Plus,Premium and Connoisseur subscriptions offering more downloads per month at higher prices and lower price per download. Every 30 days the download limit is reset (regardless of how many songs were downloaded). EMusic also offers "booster packs" to subscribers, which expire after 90 days rather than after a month, and are consumed when subscribers download tracks beyond their monthly allotments. Earlier business models supported an "all-you-can-eat" downloading pattern. For a monthly fee, customers were able to download as many tracks as they wished from the service. As the old emusic messageboard once documentedFact|date=March 2008, eMusic regularly disciplined customers--including canceling their contracts--who downloaded more tracks than eMusic thought reasonable within the "all-you-can-eat" framework.

EMusic caters to an older audience with the average subscriber being 39 who subscribes for at least a year. Older listeners may also be drawn because arguably "adult" genres of music--classical, jazz--are typically represented by longer tracks than such "younger" genres as punk and hence reward cost-conscious consumers seeking out bargains for their alloted 30 downloads per month.Fact|date=July 2008

There have been a number of complaints at various places on the web about EMusic's service. These complaints range from claims that they still charge customers after they have deleted their accounts to claims that the terms of EMusic's terms of service obligate customers to subscribe for a year. [cite web|url=http://www.metafilter.com/28840/eMusic-Ends-Unlimited-Service|title=eMusic Ends Unlimited Service|date=2003-10-09|accessdate=2007-12-10]

election

Most of eMusic's contracts are with independent labels, giving the service a reputation for primarily offering indie rock, indie pop, punk rock, jazz and classical music. EMusic highlights its offerings through a host of exclusive editorial content, along the lines of monthly "editor's picks", columns and guides. The company also cites statistics from the American Association of Independent Music that independents' market share of CD sales is 28%.

With the "big four" record labels--Sony BMG, Universal Music Group, EMI and Warner Music Group--unwilling to do business with the site, many popular artists are either unrepresented or have very few releases available. This is more of a problem in the genres of Top 40 rock and rap music, and less so in genres such as jazz, where major artists spread their output across multiple, smaller labels. This allows the site to feature some acclaimed recordings by artists such as Thelonious Monk, Sonny Rollins, Miles Davis, and John Coltrane. The site also carries the complete classical catalog of Naxos Records. [ [http://www.naxos.com/news/default.asp?pn=News&displayMenu=Naxos_News&op=184 Classical Music News from NAXOS.COM ] ]

The site's alternative (or "indie") rock selection has also been aided by the rise in widely-distributed but privately owned "minor" labels, such as Kill Rock Stars and Matador Records, who have a fair amount of big-name talent on their rolls (e.g. Cat Power, The Decemberists, Interpol and Sleater-Kinney, who have been among eMusic's top-sellers). Music from other popular indie labels includes Merge Records (Spoon, Arcade Fire, Lambchop), K Records (Modest Mouse, Built to Spill), Touch and Go Records (Mekons, Girls Against Boys), and TVT Records (Lil Jon, Ying Yang Twins, Guided By Voices).

In 1999, eMusic made headlines by releasing one of the first internet-only albums by a major artist: "Long Tall Weekend" by They Might Be Giants. [cite news|url=http://docs.yahoo.com/docs/pr/release341.html|title=EMUSIC.COM & YAHOO! TO HOST EXCLUSIVE WEB-LAUNCH OF 'THEY MIGHT BE GIANTS' NEW MP3-ONLY ALBUM JULY 19|date=1999-07-19|accessdate=2006-09-04] The band would also go on to release a series of monthly, exclusive rarities collections (known as "TMBG Unlimited") through the service in 2001 and 2002. John Flansburgh said that "Getting a half dozen or dozen unreleased songs out each month provides an ‘ultimate fan club’ experience."

In 2004, with the change from an unlimited download subscription model to a set-track subscription download, eMusic significantly increased their catalogue content over the next few years, particularly in the Indian Soundtrack and Indian Classical genres and in the Classical music genre adding labels like Saregama, Naxos, BIS, Chandos, Harmonia Mundi, Telarc and many others.

In June 2006, eMusic added new music from V2 Records in the U.S. The label is one of eMusic's highest-profile additions thus far, with multiplatinum acts Moby and The White Stripes, along with critical favorites such as Grandaddy. [cite web|title=eMUSIC ADDS V2 MUSIC, PALM PICTURES AND VELOUR MUSIC|url= http://www.emusic.com/about/pr/pr20060615.html|work =eMusic|date=2006-06-15|accessdate=2006-09-04] However, this music is not available to eMusic users in many other countries.

On August 10 2006, eMusic added two European versions of its online store: 'eMusic UK' and 'eMusic Europe'. Current subscribers to the global site that were within the European Union had their membership transferred to the appropriate European store. EMusic UK and eMusic Europe have markedly inflated prices compared to their North American counterpart, partially due to the extra sales taxes which these stores are now subject to, which was particularly noted by customers forced to transfer. However, the changeover also included access to labels not available to non-European customers, notably London-based Domino Records. The changeover also includes many works previously unavailable to European customers, such as music from The White Stripes and Mogwai. However, some artists previously available, such as Vienna Teng, became unavailable to UK subscribers, even if they had purchased them previously. It is also notable that the European version of the store is for customers within the European Union, not customers within Europe.

In June 2007, eMusic added perhaps its biggest star yet to its lineup: Paul McCartney of The Beatles. His album, "Memory Almost Full", is also the first release on Starbucks' Hear Music label.

The eMusicLive Venue Network is 22 independent clubs in the US where live shows are recorded and offered to eMusic subscribers. Numerous shows are recorded every week. In addition to subscription sales, recorded CDs are offered for sale at the venue immediately after the event. EMusic plans to establish kiosks where the music can be delivered directly to MP3 players or flash drives. [cite news|url=http://www.emusic.com/venue/index.html|title=eMusic venues|accessdate=2007-03-24]

Beginning September 18, 2007, eMusic began offering audiobooks in MP3 format. [cite news|url= http://www.emusic.com/about/pr/pr2007917.html|title=eMUSIC INTRODUCES WORLD'S FIRST AUDIOBOOKS CATALOGUE IN MP3|accessdate= 2007-10-01]

On April 2, 2008, eMusic added The Rolling Stones when they were on their ABKCO label. This includes their music from 1964-1970, plus any compilations made thereafter by ABKCO. The availability of The Rolling Stones' catalog ended on May 3, 2008.

Incarnations and ownership

The original eMusic was started in March 1995 by Mark Chasan [cite news|url= http://www.businesstown.com/internet/profile-seven.asp|title=Music to their Ears: Virtual CD Stores|publisher= BusinessTown.com|accessdate=2006-09-04] as the fourth online CD retailer. EMusic and Nordic Music (owned by Kent Kiefer) formed a joint venture in February 1998 to become the first digital media retailer and sold the first MP3 players on the internet. EMusic, then headed by Chasan and Kiefer, purchased Guy Giuliano's internet radio service GBS Radio Networks. The new consortium launched the first online radio network LoudRadio, to broadcast over a terrestrial radio station via KLOD-FM in Flagstaff, Arizona.

The company now known as eMusic was founded by Gene Hoffman and Bob Kohn on January 8 1998 and originally named GoodNoise Corporation. In October 1998, GoodNoise acquired eMusic.com [cite web|title=Goodnoise Completes Acquisition of Emusic.com|url=http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1065013/0001012870-99-000390.txt|work=eMusic|date=1999-02-09|accessdate=2008-08-25] along with on-line music pioneer Internet Underground Music Archive (IUMA). In November 1999, eMusic acquired main rival Cductive [cite web|title=eMusic.com to Acquire Cductive.com|url=http://s.edgar-online.com/1999/11/22/17/0001012870-99-004371/Section7.asp|work=eMusic|date=1999-11-22|accessdate=2006-09-04] and in December 1999 acquired Tunes.com, which operated Rollingstone.com and DownBeatJazz.com. Then in 2001, the major label Universal Music (then a division of Vivendi Universal) bought eMusic.com for USD 24.6 million. [cite news|url=http://www.pcworld.com/news/article/0,aid,46704,00.asp|title=eMusic Bought by Universal for $24.6 Million|first=James|last=Evans|date=2001-04-09|publisher=PC World| accessdate=2006-09-04]

In November 2003, the service was purchased from VU Net USA by a New York-based private equity arm of JDS Capital Management, Inc. [cite news|url=http://www.emusic.com/about/pr/pr20031104.html|title=New York-Based Private Equity Firm Finalizes Purchase of eMusic|work=eMusic|date=2003-11-04|accessdate=2006-09-04] Following a contentious period during which information disseminated by the company was limitedFact|date=March 2008, it was relaunched in 2004. Relaunch was soon followed by a new format for the eMusic site, significant increase in both editorial and music content and an eventual price increase for most subscription levels.

References

* [http://www.emusic.com/about/pr/pr20060206.html eMusic February 6, 2006 press release] , "eMusic—World's Largest Digital Retailer of Independent Music—Begins Reporting Download Sales to Soundscan", February 6, 2006

External links

* [http://www.emusic.com eMusic] frontpage
* [http://davesmey.com/mwiki/index.php?title=Main_Page eMusic Wiki] A wiki by and for emusic users.
* [http://www.17dots.com/ 17dots] Emusic employee's blog.
* [http://www.emusic.com/browse/all.html Direct link to browse eMusic catalog]
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20010413084348/www.mp3newswire.net/stories/2001/buyemusic.html Who Will Buy EMusic com?] - January 16, 2001 MP3 Newswire analysis
* [http://www.nytimes.com/2004/09/20/technology/20music.html?ex=1253419200&en=8fd89925fddc9106&ei=5090&partner=rssuserland A Music Download Site for Artists Less Known] - September 20, 2004 NY Times
* [http://www.prnewswire.com/cgi-bin/stories.pl?ACCT=104&STORY=/www/story/10-12-1998/0000769192&EDATE Goodnoise To Acquire Emusic and Nordic] - October 12, 1998