- Perforating arteries
Infobox Artery
Name = PAGENAME
Latin = arteriae perforantes
GraySubject = 157
GrayPage = 631
Caption = The arteries of the gluteal and posterior femoral regions.
Caption2 = The profunda femoris artery,femoral artery and their major branches - right thigh, anterior view. (Perforating arteries labeled at right center.)
BranchFrom =Profunda femoris artery
BranchTo =
Vein =
Supplies =
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DorlandsPre = a_61
DorlandsSuf = 12155439
The perforating arteries, usually three in number, are so named because they perforate the tendon of theAdductor magnus to reach the back of thethigh .They pass backward close to the
linea aspera of thefemur under cover of small tendinous arches in the muscle.The first is given off above the
Adductor brevis , the second in front of that muscle, and the third immediately below it.First
The "first perforating artery" (a. perforans prima) passes backward between the
Pectineus and Adductor brevis (sometimes it perforates the latter); it then pierces theAdductor magnus close to the linea aspera.It gives branches to the Adductores brevis and magnus,
Biceps femoris , andGluteus maximus , and anastomoses with the inferior gluteal, medial and lateral femoral circumflex and second perforating arteries.econd
The "second perforating artery" (a. perforans secunda), larger than the first, pierces the tendons of the Adductores brevis and magnus, and divides into ascending and descending branches, which supply the
posterior femoral muscles , anastomosing with the first and third perforating.The second artery frequently arises in common with the first.
The
nutrient artery of the femur is usually given off from the second perforating artery; when two nutrient arteries exist, they usually spring from the first and third perforating vessels.Third/fourth
The "third perforating artery" (a. perforans tertia) is given off below the Adductor brevis; it pierces the Adductor magnus, and divides into branches which supply the posterior femoral muscles; anastomosing above with the higher perforating arteries, and below with the terminal branches of the profunda and the muscular branches of the
popliteal .The nutrient artery of the femur may arise from this branch.
The termination of the profunda artery, already described, is sometimes termed the "fourth perforating artery".
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