Friedrich Ferdinand Runge

Infobox_Scientist
name = Friedrich Ferdinand Runge


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birth_date = 8 February 1795
birth_place = Hamburg, Germany
residence = Germany
nationality = German
death_date = death date and age|1867|3|25|1795|2|8|df=y
death_place = Oranienburg, Germany
field =
work_institution = University of Berlin, University of Breslau
alma_mater = University of Jena, University of Berlin
doctoral_advisor = Johann Wolfgang Döbereiner
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Friedrich (or Friedlieb/Friedlob) Ferdinand Runge (born near Hamburg on 8 February 1795, died in Oranienburg on 25 March 1867) was a German analytical chemist.

Runge conducted chemical experiments from a young age, serendipitously identifying the mydriatic effects of belladonna (deadly nightshade) extract.

In 1819, he demonstrated his finding to Goethe, who encouraged him to analyse coffee. A few months later, Runge identified caffeine.

Runge studied chemistry in Jena and Berlin, where he obtained his doctorate. After touring Europe for three years, he taught chemistry at the university of Breslau until 1831. From then until 1852 he worked for a chemical company, but was dismissed by a resentful manager and died fifteen years later in poverty.

His chemical work included purine chemistry, the discovery of caffeine, the blue dye aniline, coal tar products (and a large number of substances that derive from coal tar), paper chromatography, pyrrole, chinoline, phenol, thymole and atropine.

Source

* Weinberg BA, Bealer BK. The world of caffeine. New York & London: Routledge, 2001. ISBN 0-415-92722-6.
*cite journal
author= G. Kränzlein
title = Zum 100 jährigen Gedächtnis der Arbeiten von F. F. Runge
journal = Angewandte Chemie
year = 1935
volume = 48
issue = 1
pages = 1–3
doi = 10.1002/ange.19350480103
*cite journal
author= H. H. Bussemas, G. Harsch and L. S. Ettre
title = Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge (1794–1867): “Self-grown pictures” as precursors of paper chromatography
journal = Chromatographia
year = 1994
volume = 38
issue = 3-4
pages = 243–254
doi = 10.1007/BF02290345