Reis telephone

Reis telephone

The Reis telephone, was an invention by Philipp Reis inspired by a French article in 1854 (by Bourseul) on how to create microphone-like devices. His first successful work was achieved in October 1861. In 1862, Reis demonstrated his telephone to Wilhelm von Legat, Inspector of the Royal Prussian Telegraph Corps who produced an account of this (Legat, 1862), a translation of which came to Thomas Edison in 1875 and was used in Edison's successful development of the carbon microphone. (The Legat account includes drawings that are different from the one below suggesting that it is of a later version.) Edison acknowledged his debt to Reis:

The first inventor of a telephone was Phillip [sic] Reis of Germany only musical not articulating. The first person to publicly exhibit a telephone for transmission of articulate speech was A. G. Bell. The first practical commercial telephone for transmission of articulate speech was invented by myself. Telephones used throughout the world are mine and Bell's. Mine is used for transmitting . Bell's is used for receiving." (Edison 2006, [LB020312 TAEM 83:170] )

Loudspeaker

Reis's speaker worked by magnetostriction. In his first receiver he wound a coil of wire around an iron knitting needle and rested the needle against the "F" hole of a violin. As current passed through the needle, the iron shrank and a click was formed. The image shown below is a more advanced version where the iron bar is clamped to a cigar-box-shaped resonator. This receiver is very insensitive. It produces weak sound but has good fidelity. It requires very high current and is a current-sensitive device rather than a voltage-sensitive device.

Reis was marginally successful. This instrument could transmit continuous musical tones but produced indistinct speech.

ee also

*Invention of the telephone
*Timeline of the telephone

References

*Edison, Thomas A. 2006. " [http://edison.rutgers.edu/ The Edison Papers, Digital Edition] " Rutgers University, accessed 26 March 2006.
*Legat, V. 1862. [http://edison.rutgers.edu/NamesSearch/DocImage.php3?DocId=TI2459& "Reproducing Sounds on Extra Galvanic Way"] . accessed 26 March 2006.
*Friedrich Georg Wieck, Otto Wilhelm Ålund "Uppfinningarnas bok" vol. II, 1874.
*Thompson, Sylvanus P. "Philipp Reis, Inventor of the Telephone" London: E. & F.N. Spon, 1883.
*Coe, Lewis "The Telephone and Its Several Inventors: A History" Chapter 2, McFarland & Co, 1995.

External links

* [http://www.iee.org/oncomms/sector/management/Articles/Object/63F37F77-FD4D-56A9-46C038AEC437DB1A "The Great Telephone Mystery"] accessed September 5, 2006

* [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/3253174.stm BBC - Bell 'did not invent telephone' - Dec 1 2003]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • téléphone — [ telefɔn ] n. m. • 1834 « appareil acoustique »; répandu v. 1880; de 1. télé et phone 1 ♦ Instrument qui permet de transmettre à distance des sons, par l intermédiaire d un dispositif approprié, suivi d un circuit électrique et d un récepteur.… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Telephone — Téléphone Pour les articles homonymes, voir Téléphone (homonymie) …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Reis [2] — Reis, Philipp, Physiker, geb. 7. Jan. 1834 in Gelnhausen, trat 1850 in ein Farbengeschäft zu Frankfurt a. M., studierte aber seit 1853 privatim Mathematik und Naturwissenschaft, wurde 1858 Lehrer am Garnierschen Institut in Friedrichsdorf bei… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • telephone — telephoner, n. /tel euh fohn /, n., v., telephoned, telephoning. n. 1. an apparatus, system, or process for transmission of sound or speech to a distant point, esp. by an electric device. v.t. 2. to speak to or summon (a person) by telephone. 3.… …   Universalium

  • Reis, Johann Philipp — ▪ German physicist born Jan. 7, 1834, Gelnhausen, Hesse Kassel [Germany] died Jan. 14, 1874, Friedrichsdorf, Ger.       German physicist who constructed a precursor of the electric telephone.       Reis was educated at Frankfurt am Main, became a …   Universalium

  • Telephone — The telephone (from the el. τῆλε, tēle , far and φωνή, phōnē , voice ) is a telecommunications device that is used to transmit and receive sound (most commonly speech), usually two people conversing but occasionally three or more. It is one of… …   Wikipedia

  • Telephone exchange — A telephone operator manually connecting calls with cord pairs at a telephone switchboard. In the field of telecommunications, a telephone exchange or telephone switch is a system of electronic components that connects telephone calls. A central… …   Wikipedia

  • Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom — +44 redirects here. For the band, see +44 (band). United Kingdom telephone numbers Location of United Kingdom (dark green) Location Country United Kingdom Continent …   Wikipedia

  • Telephone numbering plan — Area Code redirects here. For the song by Ludacris, see Area Codes (song). A telephone numbering plan is a type of numbering scheme used in telecommunications to allocate telephone numbers to subscribers and to route telephone calls in a… …   Wikipedia

  • Telephone number — A telephone number or phone number is a sequence of digits used to call from one telephone line to another in a public switched telephone network. When telephone numbers were invented, they were short as few as one, two or three digits and were… …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”