William Shippen, Jr.

Dr. William Shippen, Jr. (b. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, October 21 1736; d. July 11 1808, Germantown, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), was the first systematic teacher of anatomy, surgery and obstetrics in Colonial America and founded the first maternity hospital in America. He was the second Surgeon General of the Continental Army.

Family and early career

Shippen followed his famous father, Dr. William Shippen, Sr. into a medical career. He studied at the College of New Jersey (now Princeton), graduating in 1754. He studied medicine first with his father, then went to England and Scotland and in 1761 earned his medical degree at the University of Edinburgh.

At his father's encouragement, William, Jr. commenced America's first series of anatomy lectures in 1762. He became one of the first professors (of anatomy, surgery, and midwifery) of America's first medical school (the College of Philadelphia, now the University of Pennsylvania) which he co-founded in 1765 with Dr. John Morgan.

William Shippen, Jr.'s wife, Alice Lee (1736-1817) was the daughter of Thomas Lee and Hannah Harrison Ludwell. William's daughter Nancy Shippen married Robert Beekman Livingston, the son of Robert Livingston (1718-1775).

American Revolution

During the American Revolutionary War, Shippen served as Chief Physician & Director General of the Hospital of the Continental Army in New Jersey (1776) and as Director General of the Hospitals West of the Hudson River (October 1776). Ultimately, he served (April 11, 1777 - January 1781) as Director of Hospitals for the Continental Army, a precursor of the Surgeon General of the U.S. Army. Shippen had connived to replace Dr. Morgan, his predecessor in that position. Later Morgan, with the assistance of Dr. Benjamin Rush, brought about his forced resignation. He was subsequently court martialed for financial irregularities in Medical Department, but was acquitted.

Shippen was among the founders of College of Physicians of Philadelphia and served (1805-08) as its president.

References

*Randolph Shipley Klein, "Portrait of an Early American Family: The Shippens of Pennsylvania Across Five Generations". University of Pennsylvania Press, 1975.
* [http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/features/1700s/people/shippen_wm_jr.html Biographical sketch and portrait at the University of Pennsylvania]
* [http://www.bartleby.com/65/sh/Shippen.html Columbia Encyclopedia article]

External links

* [http://history.amedd.army.mil/booksdocs/rev/gillett1/pic15.jpgPortrait]