Walter Baade

Walter Baade

Infobox Scientist
name = Walter Baade
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caption = Walter Baade
birth_date = March 24 1893
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death_date = June 25 1960
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nationality = German
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field = Astronomy
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Wilhelm Heinrich Walter Baade (March 24 1893June 25 1960) was a German astronomer who emigrated to the USA in 1931.

Biography

Along with Fritz Zwicky, he proposed that supernovae could create neutron stars.

He took advantage of wartime blackout conditions during World War II, which reduced light pollution at Mount Wilson Observatory, to resolve stars in the center of the Andromeda galaxy for the first time, which led him to define distinct "populations" for stars (Population I and Population II).

He discovered that there are two types of Cepheid variable stars, together with Fritz Zwicky identified supernovae as a new category of astronomical objects (W. Baade, F. Zwicky, 1934, " [http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/picrender.fcgi?artid=1076395&blobtype=pdf On Super-Novae] ". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 254-259.) and proposed the existence of neutron stars. He also identified the optical counterparts of various radio sources.

He discovered 10 asteroids, including notably 944 Hidalgo (long orbital period) and the Apollo-class asteroid 1566 Icarus (whose perihelion is closer than that of Mercury) and the Amor asteroid 1036 Ganymed.

Honors

Awards
*Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1954)
*Bruce Medal (1955)
*Henry Norris Russell Lectureship of the American Astronomical Society (1958)Named after him
*Asteroid 1501 Baade
*Baade crater on the Moon
*Vallis Baade, a vallis (valley) on the Moon
*One of the two Magellan telescopes
*Baade's Window, an area relatively free of dust near the Galactic Center in Sagittarius
*The asteroid 966 Muschi

Further reading

*

* cite encyclopedia
last =Dieke
first = Sally H.
title = Baade, Wilhelm Heinrich Walter
encyclopedia = Dictionary of Scientific Biography
volume = 1
pages = 352-354
publisher = Charles Scribner's Sons
location = New York
date = 1970
isbn = 0684101149

External links

* [http://www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu/BruceMedalists/Baade/index.html Bruce Medal page]
* [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/PASP./0067//0000057.000.html Awarding of Bruce Medal]
* [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/MNRAS/0114//0000370.000.html Awarding of RAS gold medal]

Obituaries

* [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/AN.../0285//0000286.000.html AN 285 (1960) 286] (one sentence, in German)
* [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/JRASC/0055//0000113.000.html JRASC 55 (1961) 113]
* [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/MitAG/0014//0000005.000.html MitAG 14 (1961) 5]
* [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/Obs../0080//0000166.000.html Obs 80 (1960) 166] (one sentence)
* [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/PASP./0072//0000434.000.html PASP 72 (1960) 434] (one paragraph)
* [http://adsabs.harvard.edu//full/seri/QJRAS/0002//0000118.000.html QJRAS 2 (1961) 118]


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