Mastacembelidae

Spiny eels
Macrognathus siamensis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Synbranchiformes
Suborder:	Mastacembeloidei
Family:	Mastacembelidae
Genera
Macrognathus Mastacembelus Sinobdella

The Mastacembelidae are a family of fishes, known as the spiny eels. The Mastacembelids are part of the Order Synbranchiformes, the swamp eels, which are part of the Actinopterygii (ray-finned fishes).

In an evaluation of the family in 2004, the subfamilies of Mastacembelidae were found to not be well supported and were rejected. Also, the genera Caecomastacembelus and Aethiomastacembelus were placed in synonymy with Mastacembelus.^[1]

These fish originate from Africa, Southeast Asia, and South Asia.^[1] Spiny eels generally inhabit soft-bottomed habitats in fresh and brackish water. Some species burrow in the substrate during the day or for certain months and have been found buried in soil in drying periods.^[2]

These fish have an eel-like body. Some of these fish can reach a maximum length of about 1 metre (40 in).^[1] Very characteristic of this group is the long nose appendage with two tubulated nostrils.^[1] Mastacembelids have a series of well-separated dorsal spines on their back, hence the name of their family, spiny eels.^[1]

In some areas these fish are regarded as food fish. Several species of Mastacembelidae are aquarium fish, such as the fire eel.^[2]

References

1. ^ ^{a b c d e} Vreven, E. J. (2005). "Mastacembelidae (Teleostei; Synbranchiformes) subfamily division and African generic division: an evaluation". Journal of Natural History 39 (4): 351–370. doi:10.1080/0022293042000195975. 
2. ^ ^{a b} Nelson, Joseph S. (2006). Fishes of the World. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.. ISBN 0471250317.