A Study in Emerald

"A Study in Emerald" is a short story written by British fantasy and graphic novel author Neil Gaiman. The story is a Sherlock Holmes pastiche transferred to the Cthulhu Mythos universe of horror writer H. P. Lovecraft. It won the 2004 Hugo Award for Best Short Story. The title is a reference to the Sherlock Holmes novel "A Study in Scarlet". "A Study in Emerald" first appeared in the anthology "Shadows Over Baker Street", a collection of stories combining the worlds of Arthur Conan Doyle and H. P. Lovecraft, it has subsequently been printed in the anthology of Neil Gaiman's work, "Fragile Things", and is available [http://www.neilgaiman.com/mediafiles/exclusive/shortstories/emerald.pdf online] . The online version takes the form of a Victorian periodical or newspaper, which includes various advertisements that reference characters such as Vlad Tepes, Victor Frankenstein, Spring Heeled Jack, and Dr. Jekyll.

Plot summary

The story begins with its (as yet) unnamed narrator, a veteran of a bloody war against the 'gods and men of Afghanistan', where he has been brutally tortured and his arm injured, setting the scene for things to come. Seeking lodgings upon his return to 'Albion', he meets and strikes up a friendship with a man who possesses extraordinary insight and deductive skill, and who puts this ability to use in the service of the police as a 'consulting detective'. Early on in their acquaintance, Inspector Lestrade of Scotland Yard arrives at their lodgings in Baker Street with a matter of extreme and delicate urgency regarding a brutal murder in a Whitechapel slum, and the detective is to be hired to solve the case. After investigating the murder scene (where the detective correctly deduces that the victim is a German noble, owing to his inhuman appearance and number of limbs), and puzzling over the word "Rache" scrawled onto the wall in the victim's blood (in a similar manner to A Study in Scarlet), they are henceforth taken to the Palace, where the Queen - one of the creatures who defeated humanity 700 years ago and, along with the other Great Old Ones, has ruled over humanity ever since - consults with them about the affair. As payment for his service, the Queen heals the veteran's withered shoulder with a touch.

The investigation takes the detective and the veteran to a music-hall show, starring a noted actor called Sherry Vernet, a 'tall, languid' man who stars in the three productions, including a historical narrative depicting the war, 700 years ago, between humanity and the Great Old Ones, who now rule the Earth. Posing as a theatrical agent offering to take the show to the New World, the detective meets Vernet and quickly determines that he - along with another man, with a limp and skill with surgical equipment - was present in the room that the German noble died in, and is one of the murderers. Agreeing to meet the detective in his rooms, Vernet seemingly does not suspect a thing; and the detective promptly summons Lestrade, intending to have Vernet arrested. He reveals what he has deduced; that Vernet is a seditionary 'restorationist', an anarchist who believes that the Old Ones are not the benevolent rulers they are portrayed as, but vicious, soul-destroying monsters feeding on madness and death, and that humanity should be master of its own affairs. Having lured the German noble to the Whitechapel rooms, he then turned the noble over to his accomplice - a limping doctor - who actually murdered the prince.

Unfortunately for the detective and Lestrade, Vernet himself possesses considerable deductive skill; having deduced that the detective was not whom he claimed to be, he has instead sent a letter to the detective, offering some helpful suggestions for future undercover work and complimenting him on several papers the detective has written, including a paper on the dynamics of an asteroid that Vernet (as 'Sigerson') briefly corresponded with the detective over. Aware of the detective's suspicions, Vernet - or 'Rache', as he signs himself off as - confirms them, justifying his actions by the many horrors he has personally seen committed by the Old Ones, and that it is too high a price to pay for the peace humanity lives in under the Old Ones. As Lestrade rushes off to order a search for Rache and his limping doctor accomplice, tentatively identified as a former military surgeon named John Watson, the detective admits that it is unlikely that Rache has even left the city, having probably elected (as the detective would) to hide in the almost lawless-depths of the rookery of St Giles' until the heat died down, and requests that the veteran burn Rache's letter, dismissing it as seditionary nonsense. But the veteran does not do so, instead containing a copy of the letter and an account of all that occurred within his bank deposit box, not to be opened until everyone involved in the case is dead - a prospect that, with current (unexplained) events occurring in Russia, seems not too far away...

Overview

The reader, from the beginning of the story, is misled to believe that the detective and his veteran friend, the narrator, are Sherlock Holmes and Dr. John Watson, by means of what information about them is provided and what concealed, and the fact that their roles in the story are parallel to those of Holmes and Watson in Conan Doyle's original Holmes stories. Indeed, the story strongly mirrors the opening chapters of the original Holmes novel, "A Study in Scarlet", from which it takes its name.

Whilst none of the characters are explicitly identified in the text, it is strongly hinted by the twist ending that 'Rache' and the 'Limping Doctor' are Holmes and Watson, and the detective and his veteran friend are Professor James Moriarty and Colonel Sebastian Moran (who, in Doyle's original stories, are the criminal mastermind archnemesis of Sherlock Holmes and his right-hand man and accomplice respectively). In particular:
*The 'detective' character has written a paper on 'The Dynamics of an Asteroid', which "Rache" comments on. In the original canon, Moriarty is the author of this paper. [See Arthur Conan Doyle, "The Valley of Fear"]
*The narrator signs his name at the end of his story. Whereas the name is obscured, he possesses the initials 'SM', indicating that he is Sebastian Moran. [See Neil Gaiman, 'A Study In Emerald', "Fragile Things"]
*The narrator repeatedly mentions what a crack-shot he was before being wounded. In the original canon, Moran is described as being an expert marksman. [See Arthur Conan Doyle, 'The Adventure of the Empty House', "The Return of Sherlock Holmes"]
*Conan Doyle's drafts show he originally intended to call Sherlock Holmes "Sherrinford" (which some Sherlockians consider was actually the name of Sherlock's oldest brother). Holmes' grandmother was a relative of the French artist Vernet. "Sherry Vernet" is therefore an obvious stage name for Sherlock Holmes.
*"Sigerson" is an alias used by Sherlock Holmes during the period when he is believed to be dead after he escapes Moriarty.

While not explicitly stated at the conclusion of the story, based on the date that accompanies the "signature", the recent events in Russia most likely refer to the assassination of Tsar Alexander II in 1881, i.e. an assassination of an Old One of extreme importance.

Awards

"A Study in Emerald" won the 2004 Hugo Award for Best Short Story, and the 2005 Locus Award for Best Novelette. It was nominated for the 2006 Seiun Award for Translated Short Form. [ [http://www.locusmag.com/SFAwards/Db/NomLit50.html#1852 Index of Literary Nominees] on Locusmag.com]

Footnotes

External links

* [http://bestsciencefictionstories.com/2007/12/21/a-study-in-emerald-by-neil-gaiman/ A Study in Emerald at BestScienceFictionStories.com] Short story reviews and resources
* [http://us.perfectbound.ret.overdrive.com/1124224A-F95E-4357-8627-97AFAF25202C/10/125/en/neilgaiman?WT.mc_id=REFL_AWXX_NGAISTUDY_092807 Free audiobook read by Neil Gaiman]