Theodotus of Ancyra

The name Theodotus of Ancyra may refer to either of two early Christians: one a fifth-century bishop of Ancyra (modern Ankara); and one a fourth-century saint, an innkeeper martyred in that city.

Bishop of Ancyra

Bishop Theodotus of Ancyra was a theologian who attended the Council of Ephesus in 431, during the reign of Byzantine Emperor Theodosius II. Although he had earlier supported the Nestorian theology of Nestorius, bishop of Constantinople, Theodotus at the council supported Patriarch Cyril of Alexandria in condemning Nestorius. Theodotus was condemned in turn by the Nestorians at their 432 Synod of Tarsus.

References

* [http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/590798/Theodotus-of-Ancyra "Theodotus of Ancyra"] (2008). In "Encyclopædia Britannica". Retrieved October 11, 2008.

aint and martyr

Saint Theodotus of Ancyra was a fourth-century ("fl." 303) Christian martyr venerated as the patron saint of innkeepers. His emblems are torches and a sword.

Hagiography

On 18 May the "Roman Martyrology" says: "At Ancyra, in Galatia, the martyr Saint Theodotus and the saintly virgins Thecusa, his aunt, Alexandra, Claudia, Faina, Euphrasia, Matrona, and Julitta", etc. They are mentioned in all the menologies, and Theodotus has a special feast on 7 June [Nilles, "Kalendarium manuale", I, 162, and II, 583.] .

According to the "Acts" (Acta Sanctorum, May, IV, 147) Theodotus was a married man who kept an inn at Ancyra, the capital of the Roman province of Galatia. He is described as a man very zealous in the performance of his Christian duties, endowed with many virtues, especially charity towards his neighbour, bringing sinners to repentance and strengthening many in their faith during the persecution which the Roman governor Theoctenus was carrying on in the province, about 303, in accordance with the imperial edict of Diocletian.

The name of a certain Victor is mentioned as one who grew weak in his profession of Christianity and received much encouragement from Theodotus. The governor ordered that all provisions exposed for sale should first be offered to the idols. Theodotus laid in stores of goods and his house became a refuge for the Christians, a hospital for the sick and a place for Divine worship.

At Malos, about five miles from Ancyra, he sought out the body of the martyr Valens, and gave it a Christian burial. Returning to Ancyra he found the Christians in great trouble. The seven virgins mentioned above had been called before the judges and made a valiant profession of their faith; they were then sent to a house of debauchery, but preserved their purity. Then they were obliged to suffer cruel torments and were cast into the sea with stones attached to their bodies.

Theodotus succeeded in rescuing the bodies and honourably burying them. In consequence he was arrested, and after many sufferings was killed by the sword; his body was miraculously brought to Malos and there entombed by the priest Fronto. A chapel was built over the grave, and the saint was held in great veneration.

ources and references

The above legend is told by Nilus, who claims to have been an eye-witness to a great part of what he describes.
Thierry Ruinart (page 372) places it among his "Acta sincera et selecta". Pio Franchi produced a critical edition of the Acts in "Studi e Testi" (Rome, 1901). He considered them trustworthy, but later changed his opinion. Hippolyte Delehaye (Anal. Bolland., XXII, 320, and XXIII, 478) says: "The kernel of the legend is a tale narrated by Herodotus, while the existence of the hero of the narrative is not vouched for by any historic document."

Notes