F5D Skylancer

Infobox Aircraft
name=F5D Skylancer
type=Fighter aircraft
manufacturer=Douglas Aircraft Company


caption=Douglas F5D Skylancer prototype in use by NASA for Dyna-Soar abort training
designer=
first flight=21 April 1956
introduced=
retired=
status=
primary user=United States Navy
more users=United States Marine Corp
produced=
number built=4
unit cost=
developed from=F4D Skyray
variants with their own articles=The United States Douglas F5D Skylancer was a development of the F4D Skyray jet fighter for the United States Navy. Starting out as the F4D-2N, an all-weather version of the Skyray, the design was soon modified to take full advantage of the extra thrust of the Pratt & Whitney J57 eventually fitted to the Skyray instead of the Westinghouse J40 originally planned.

Design and development

Soon the design became too different from the Skyray to be considered just a variation of it, and the aircraft was assigned a new designation as the F5D Skylancer. Almost every part of the airframe was modified, though the basic form remained the same as did the wing shape, though it became much thinner. The wing skinning was reinforced, correcting a problem found in the F4D. The fuselage was eight feet (2.4 m) longer and area ruled to reduce transonic drag, being thinner in the region of the wing roots. Everything was shaped to reduce drag and increase stability at high speed.

Although the four 20 mm cannon in the wing roots were retained, primary armament was to be missiles or rockets; four AIM-9 Sidewinders or two AIM-7 Sparrows, and/or a battery of spin-stabilized unguided 2 in (51 mm) rockets.

Nine test airframes were ordered, with a 51-aircraft production order to follow. Production aircraft were to be powered by the more powerful J57-P-14 engine, while there were plans to use the even more powerful General Electric J79.

Testing

The first flight was on 21 April 1956 and was supersonic; the aircraft proved easy to handle and performed well. After four aircraft had been constructed, however, the Navy cancelled its order. The stated reason was that the aircraft was too similar to the already-ordered F8U Crusader, but it is believed by some historians that politics played as big a part; Douglas was already building a very large proportion of the Navy's planes, and giving them the F5D contract would have made it even closer to monopoly. Gunston 1981, p. 73.]

The four aircraft continued to fly in various military test programs. Two were grounded in 1961, but the other two continued to fly. Transferred to NACA (soon to become NASA) in the early 1960s, one was used as a testbed for the American supersonic transport program, fitted with an ogival wing platform (the type eventually used on Concorde; data from the program was shared with the European designers). This aircraft was retired in 1968. The other (pictured) was used for simulation of abort procedures for the X-20 DynaSoar, because it had a very similar shape and handling characteristics. Following the DynaSoar cancellation, it was used as a chase plane and for various other programs until it was retired in 1970. This last plane still exists at the Neil Armstrong Air and Space Museum at Wapakoneta, Ohio, since Neil Armstrong flew the aircraft during the DynaSoar research program. A second example of the F5D with NASA markings exists as part of Merle Maine's private collection in Ontario, Oregon.

pecifications (F5D)

aircraft specifications

plane or copter?=plane
jet or prop?=jet
ref="The American Fighter" Angelluci 1987, p. 191.]
crew=1
length main=53 ft 9¾ in
length alt=16.40 m
span main=33 ft 6 in
span alt=10.21 m
height main=14 ft 10 in
height alt=4.52 m
area main=557 ft²
area alt=51.7 m²
empty weight main=17,444 lb
empty weight alt=7,912 kg
loaded weight main=24,445 lb
loaded weight alt=11,088 kg
max takeoff weight main=28,072 lb
max takeoff weight alt=12,733 kg
engine (jet)=Pratt & Whitney J57-P-8
type of jet=turbojet
number of jets=1
thrust main=10,200 lbf
thrust alt=45 kN
afterburning thrust main=16,000 lbf
afterburning thrust alt=71 kN
max speed main=990 mph
max speed alt=860 knots, 1,590 km/h
range main=1,335 mi
range alt=1,160 nm, 2,148 km
ceiling main=57,500 ft
ceiling alt=17,500 m
climb rate main=20,730 ft/min
climb rate alt=105.3 m/s
loading main=43.9 lb/ft²
loading alt=214 kg/m²
thrust/weight=0.65
avionics=
* X-24A radar
guns=4× 20 mm (0.787 in) cannon
missiles=
** 4× AIM-9 Sidewinder "or"
** 2× AIM-7 Sparrow
rockets=72× 2 in (51 mm) rockets

ee also

aircontent
related=
*F4D Skyray
similar aircraft=
*F8U Crusader
lists=
* List of fighter aircraft
* List of military aircraft of the United States (naval)
see also=

References

Notes

Bibliography

* Angelucci, Enzo. "The American Fighter". Sparkford, Somerset, UK: Haynes Publishing Group, 1987. ISBN 0-85429-635-2.
* Ginter, Steve. "Douglas F5D-1 Skylancer (Naval Fighters No. 35)". Simi Valley, California: Ginter Books, 1996. ISBN 0-94261-235-3.
* Gunston, Bill. "Fighters of the Fifties". Cambridge, UK: Patrick Stephens Limited, 1981. ISBN 0-85059-463-4.
* Winchester, Jim, ed. "Douglas F4D Skyray." "Military Aircraft of the Cold War (The Aviation Factfile)". London: Grange Books plc, 2006. ISBN 1-84013-929-3.

External links

* [http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/systems/aircraft/f5d.htm F5D-1 Skylancer]
* [http://www.dfrc.nasa.gov/gallery/photo/F-5D/Small/EC62-128.jpgNASA Dryden F5D-1 Skylancer Photo Collection]
* [http://www.vectorsite.net/avskyray.html#m4 F5D-1 Skylancer (section 4)]