Acquoy

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caption = The town centre (red) and the statistical district (light green) of Acquoy in the municipality of Geldermalsen.

Acquoy (coord|51|53|N|5|8|E|type:city(278)) is a town in the Dutch province of Gelderland, it is pronounced "Akkooi". It is a part of the municipality of Geldermalsen, and lies about 12 km east of Gorinchem.

In 2001, the town of Acquoy had 278 inhabitants. The built-up area of the town was 0.079 km², and contained 115 residences.Statistics Netherlands (CBS), [http://www.cbs.nl/nl-NL/menu/themas/milieu-natuur-ruimte/ruimte/publicaties/cartografie-geografie/geografische-data/2001-bevolkingskernen-in-nederland.htm "Bevolkingskernen in Nederland 2001"] . (Statistics are for the continuous built-up area).] The statistical area "Acquoy", which also can include the peripheral parts of the village, as well as the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 520.Statistics Netherlands (CBS), [http://statline.cbs.nl/ "Statline: Kerncijfers wijken en buurten 2003-2005"] . As of January 1, 2005.] In January 2006 Acquoy had 617 inhabitants.

According to popular legend Jan van Arkel was the first to have settled the village of Acquoy, when he returned from the crusades in 1133. However, this is highly unlikely, because there were no crusades in the period around 1133. The first crusade was from 1096-99 and the second one was from 1147-49. Some sources report that the Jan van Arkel mentioned is in fact Jan van Arkel VIII. However, he lived a century later and had the nickname "de Sterke", which means "the strong".

In 1305 Acquoy is mentioned as part of the property of the lords of Voorne. In 1364 Catherina van Voornenburgh rented her house together with the stronghold of Acquoy to Otto van Arkel for a period of 10 years and later he bought it. From that moment on, Acquoy, like Arkel itself and Gellicum, belonged to the shire of the earl of Arkel. After Acquoy changed hands several times, it was bought by Floris van Egmond, Count of Buren, in 1513.

Through the marriage of Willem of Orange with the granddaughter of Floris van Egmond, Anna van Egmond in 1551, Acquoy, together with Leerdam, became property of the House of Orange. The shire of Acquoy was made a barony in that time. Acquoy remained property of the House of Orange until 1795, when it became part of Holland, together with Leerdam. At this time the title of Baron of Acquoy disappeared. However, this did happen without protest of the local population. In 1820 it became part of the province Gelderland, because it became part of the municipality of Beesd. The shield of the Barony of Acquoy can nowadays still be viewed in the Nieuwe Kerk in Amsterdam

Acquoy is located at the old turn of the river the Linge, which was diverted, so it nowadays lies at a dead-end U-formed side arm of the river. The town got its typical long stretched form, parallel to the river, because people used to build their houses on, or directly behind, the Linge dike.

The name Acquoy is mentioned in scripts dating back to 1311, but there is some uncertainty where the name arises from. Some say that the name is the Latin words “aqua” (=water) and “ooi” (=low soggy land) put together. “Ooi” is also found in other names; Wadenoijen, Poederoyen and Ammerzoden (= Ammerzoyen). According to the same theory the name “Rhenoy” is a combination of “Rhenus” (=Rijn, Rhine river) followed again by “ooi”. Others point out that “Acquoy” is mentioned in old scripts as Eckoy or Echoy and this would mean that is was the lowland of the lord of Akko or Ekko. This was supposed to be a Fries lords, but this is very uncertain.

Acquoy is famous as the birthplace of Cornelius Jansensius (Jansen), bishop of Ypres (=Ieper), whose theological views brought forth the movement called Jansenism.

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