Hesperidium

Hesperidium

A hesperidium (plural hesperidia) is a modified berry with a tough, leathery rind. The peel contains volatile oil glands in pits. The fleshy interior is composed of separate sections, called carpels, filled with fluid-filled vesicles that are actually specialized hair cells.

The outer ovary wall becomes the thick spongy layer, while the inner ovary wall becomes very juicy with several seeds.

Oranges and other citrus fruits are common examples.

Unlike most other berries, the rind of hesperidia is generally not eaten with the fruit because they are tough and bitter. A common exception is the kumquat which is consumed entirely.

The outermost, pigmented layer of rind contains essential oils and is known as the "flavedo". When scraped off and used as a culinary ingredient it is called zest. The inner rind (known as pith or "albedo") of the citron or lemon is candied in sugar and called succade.

ee also

* Fruit anatomy
* Peel (fruit)

References

* Bailey, H. and E. BAILEY. 1976. Hortus Third. Cornell University MacMillan. N.Y. p 275


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  • Hesperidium — Hes pe*rid i*um, n. [NL. So called in allusion to the golden apples of the Hesperides. See {Hesperides}.] (Bot.) A large berry with a thick rind, as a lemon or an orange. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • Hesperidĭum — (H. De C), gehört zu Hesperis …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Hesperidĭum — (Hesperidenfrucht), ältere botanische Bezeichnung für die zu den Beeren zu rechnende Frucht der Zitrone, Apfelsine u. a …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • hesperidium — [hes΄pər id′ē əm] n. pl. hesperidia [hes΄pə rid′ēə] [see HESPERIDIN] the fruit of a citrus plant, as an orange or lemon …   English World dictionary

  • Hesperidium — Schnitt durch ein Hesperidium einer Orangenpflanze Ein Hesperidium (Plural Hesperidien) bzw. eine Endokarpbeere ist die botanische Bezeichnung für eine fleischige Beerenfrucht mit einer festen, ledrigen Schale. Bekannte Beispiele sind… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • hesperidium — noun (plural hesperidia) Etymology: New Latin Date: circa 1866 a berry (as an orange or lime) having a leathery rind …   New Collegiate Dictionary

  • hesperidium — hesperidate /he sper i dayt /, hesperideous, adj. /hes peuh rid ee euhm/, n., pl. hesperidia / peuh rid ee euh/. Bot. the fruit of a citrus plant, as an orange. [1865 70; < NL; see HESPERIDIN, IUM] * * * …   Universalium

  • hesperidium — noun Any of several kinds of berries having pulpy interiors, and leathery skins containing aromatic oils. Includes citrus fruit such as the lemon and lime …   Wiktionary

  • hesperidium —   Gk Hesperides, daughters of the evening, who dwelt on a western island. From north west Africa …   Etymological dictionary of grasses

  • hesperidium — [ˌhɛspə rɪdɪəm] noun (plural hesperidia dɪə) Botany a fruit with sectioned pulp inside a separable rind, e.g. an orange. Origin C19: based on mod. L Hesperideae (former order name), named after the golden apples of the Hesperides (see Hesperian)… …   English new terms dictionary

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