Tetricus I

Infobox Roman emperor
name =Tetricus I
full name = Caius Pius Esuvius Tetricus
title =Emperor of the Gallic Empire


caption =Coin featuring Tetricus I
reign =270 / 271 - 273 / 274
(with Tetricus II)
predecessor =Victorinus / Domitian II
successor =None (Gallic Empire reconquered by Aurelian)
spouse 1 =
spouse 2 =
issue =Tetricus II
dynasty =
father =
mother =
date of birth =
place of birth =
date of death =
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place of burial =|

Caius Pius Esuvius Tetricus was Emperor of the Gallic Empire ("Imperium Galliarum") from 270/271 to 273, following the murder of Victorinus. Tetricus, who ruled with his son, Tetricus II, was the last of the Gallic emperors.

Biography

Tetricus was born to a noble family and held the administrative rank of "praeses provinciae" (provincial governor) of Aquitania at the time of Victorinus' death. Victorinus' mother, Victoria, paid the army heavily to declare Tetricus emperor near Burdigalia (Bordeaux, France), which was approved in Gaul and Britain. Following his appointment, Tetricus repelled Germanic tribes that took advantage of the confusion following the death of Victorinus to invade.

Tetricus installed his capital at "Augusta Treverorum" (present Trier, Germany, near the vital Rhine border, hence later seat of a Tetrarch) and appointed his son, Tetricus II, "Caesar" (273). Tetricus made no attempts to expand the Gallic Empire, other than southward, regaining Aquitania (which had rejoined the Roman empire during the reign of Claudius Gothicus). In late 273 or early 274, Faustinus, provincial governor of Gallia Belgica, rebelled against him in Augusta Treverorum.

In 273, Emperor Aurelian set out to reconquer the western Roman empire, following his victories in the east. Tetricus took his army southward from Trier to meet Aurelian, who was advancing into northern Gaul. The decisive battle took place near Châlons-sur-Marne, where Tetricus and his son surrendered to Aurelian.

According to literary sources, after being displayed as trophies at Aurelian's triumph in Rome, the lives of Tetricus and his son were spared by Aurelian, and Tetricus was even given the title of "corrector Lucaniae et Bruttiorum", that is governor of a southern region of Italia. Tetricus died at an unknown date in Italy; he is listed as one of Rome's Thirty Tyrants in the Historia Augusta.

Numismatics

The antoninianii (silver coins) of Tetricus were the most frequently imitated prototypes for barbarous radiates, barbaric imitations of Roman coins.

External links

* [http://www.roman-emperors.org/tetrici.htm DIR Entry for the Tetricus]
* [http://www.catbikes.ch/coinstuff/coins-ric.htm Download Helvetica's Excel list of all bronze and billon coins of Tetricus I and II]