Place Stanislas

Infobox World Heritage Site
WHS = Place Stanislas, Place de la Carrière and Place d'Alliance in Nancy


State Party = FRA
Type = Cultural
Criteria = i, iv
ID = 229
Region = Europe and North America
Year = 1983
Session = 7th
Link = http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/229The Place Stanislas, known colloquially as the place Stan', is a large pedestrianized square in Nancy, Lorraine, France. Since 1983, the architectural ensemble comprising the Place Stanislas and the extension of its axis, the Place de la Carrière and Place d'Alliance, has been on the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

History

The square was a major project in urban planning imagined by Stanisław Leszczyński, Duke of Lorraine and former King of Poland-Lithuania Commonwealth, as a way to link the medieval old town of Nancy and the new town built under Charles III in the 17th century. The square would also be a "place royale" to honor his son-in-law, Louis XV. The design linked two handsome buildings that already existed, the Hôtel de Ville, now centered on its grand square, and the "Hôtel du Gouvernement". The seat of city government and the seat of ducal government [The governor, in fact, was hand-picked by Louis XV's ministers.] faced one another as complements through a series of rational, symmetrical, yet varied urban spaces unequalled in Europe at the time.

The square and the surrounding buildings, unified by their colossal orders, were designed by the royal architect Emmanuel Héré de Corny (1705–63). Construction began in March 1752 and ended in November 1755. Barthélémy Guibal and Paul-Louis Cyfflé created a bronze statue of Louis XV, which stood in the middle of the square until it was removed during the Revolution and replaced with a simple winged figure. The square was renamed "Place du Peuple", and later "Place Napoléon". In 1831, a bronze statue of Stanisław ("Stanislas" in French) was placed in the middle of the square, since then known as the "Place Stanislas".

The square has always been used for public assemblies and festivities, but it has undergone several make-overs in its history, even serving as a parking lot between 1958 and 1983. In 2004 and 2005 the square underwent a massive restoration, inspired by the original 18th-century plans. The ten-month project cost approximately 9 million euros. [The final budget for the entire two-year operation "Nancy 2005, le temps des Lumières", including the restoration of the Place Stanislas and associated festivities, was 9.45 million euros (about half provided by city and local funds, the other half by regional, national, and private funds) [http://agglo.grand-nancy.org/delib.nsf/758b76f19cfef8efc1256df90057ddee/2ae9507115bb346bc12571930024d578?OpenDocument] ] The inauguration of the new Place Stanislas in May 2005 coincided with the square's 250th anniversary.

Description

The Place Stanislas is 125 meters long and 106 meters wide. It is paved with light ochre stones, with two lines of darker stones forming a diagonal cross motif. The square is surrounded by an architecturally harmonious ensemble of buildings, most notably :
* The City Hall of Nancy ("Hôtel de Ville"), which occupies the entire South side of the square, with the Préfecture of Meurthe-et-Moselle at the South-East corner ;
* To the East, the Opéra-Theâtre (formerly the bishop's palace) and the Grand Hôtel (originally the "Hôtel de la Reine", actually occupied by the "Intendant" Alliot) ;
* To the West, the Fine Arts Museum ("Musée des Beaux Arts", originally the Collège de Médecine) and the Pavillon Jacquet ;
* On the North side, the buildings were kept lower for defensive purposes (to permit crossfire between the Vaudemont and Haussonville bastions).

An Arc de Triomphe by Héré stands in the center of the fourth side, leading to the adjoining Place de la Carrière, where the main axis is developed as a double avenue of trees, with symmetrical buildings facing each other down its length.

At the far end is the Place d'Alliance, defined by the hemicycles of colonnades that enclose the sides and are carried across the pre-existing façade of the "Palais du Gouvernement".

The statue in the center of the "Place Stanislas", created by Georges Jacquot (1794–1874), represents Stanislas standing, dressed in flowing robes, holding a sword in his left hand and pointing towards the north with his right hand. The inscriptions on the high marble pedestal read :

The four corners and West and East sides of the square feature gilded wrought iron gates and lanterns, created by Jean Lamour (1698–1771), who was also responsible for the wrought iron balustrade on the main staircase in the Hôtel de Ville and the balcony across the center of its main façade. The North-West and North-East corners also feature ornate fountains designed by Barthélémy Guibal (1699–1757).

Notes

References

*Simon, Pierre 1994. "Nancy. La ville de Stanislas" (Metz: Editions Serpenoise), Metz ISBN 2-87692-209-6

External links

* [http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/229/ Entry in the list of UNESCO World Heritage sites]
* [http://www.ot-nancy.fr/uk/centre_historique/place_stanislas.php Place Stanislas] Website of the Tourist Information Office in Nancy
* [http://gregory.jacquier.free.fr/photos/nancy/Place%20Stanislas/stan.php Photographs of Nancy ] by Gregory Jacquier
* [http://gregory.jacquier.free.fr/nancy.php Place Stanislas - Live Webcam]
* [http://www.lesechos.fr/info/rew_france/200079765.htm Les Echos] - July 24, 2006
* [http://www.grand-nancy.org/kiosque/amgt_pstot.pdf "Un nouvel art de ville" (PDF)] An illustrated pamphlet detailing the history and recent restoration of the Place Stanislas
* [http://www.elysee.fr/elysee/interventions/discours_et_declarations/2005/mai/allocution_du_president_de_la_republique_lors_de_l_inauguration_de_la_place_stanislas_restauree_a_nancy.29875.html Transcript] Speech given by President Jacques Chirac on the newly renovated Place Stanislas - May 19, 2005