Blue Monkey

Taxobox
name = Blue MonkeyMSW3 Groves|pages=157]
status = LC
status_system = iucn3.1
status_ref = [IUCN2006|assessors=Butynski "et al"|year=2000|id=4221|title=Cercopithecus mitis|downloaded=12 May 2006]

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image_width = 200px
image_caption = Blue Monkey in Lake Manyara National Park, Tanzania.
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Chordata
classis = Mammalia
ordo = Primates
familia = Cercopithecidae
genus = "Cercopithecus"
species = "C. mitis"
binomial = "Cercopithecus mitis"
binomial_authority = Wolf, 1822
range_

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range_map_caption=Range map (note: includes the range of the closely related Sykes', Silver and Golden Monkey)

The Blue Monkey or Diademed Monkey ("Cercopithecus mitis") is a species of guenon native to Central and East Africa, ranging from the upper Congo River basin east to the Great Rift Valley and south to northern Angola and Zambia. It has included the Sykes', Silver and Golden Monkey as subspecies.

ubspecies

Several subspecies are recognised. They include:
* "Cercopithecus mitis mitis", found in Angola
* "Cercopithecus mitis heymansi"
* Stuhlmann's Blue Monkey, "Cercopithecus mitis stuhlmanni"
* Elgon Blue Monkey, "Cercopithecus mitis elgonis"
* "Cercopithecus mitis botourlinii"
* "Cercopithecus mitis opitsthosticus"

At times some of these have been regarded as full species, while others are not recognised by all authorities as deserving subspecific status.

Description

Despite its name, the Blue Monkey is not noticeably blue: it has little hair on its face, and this does sometimes give a blue appearance, but it never has the vivid blue appearance of a mandrill, for example. It is mainly olive or grey apart from the face (which is dark with a pale or yellowish patch on the forehead - the "diadem" from which the species derives its common name), the blackish cap, feet and front legs, and the mantle, which is brown, olive or grey depending on the subspecies. Typical sizes are from 50 to 65 cm in length (not including the tail, which is almost as long as the rest of the animal), with females weighing a little over 4 kg and males up to 8 kg.

Habitat

The Blue Monkey is found in evergreen forests and montane bamboo forests, and lives largely in the forest canopy, coming to the ground infrequently. It is very dependent on humid, shady areas with plenty of water. It eats mainly fruit and leaves, but will take some slower-moving invertebrates. It prefers to live in tall trees which provide both food and shelter, and are therefore, like almost all guenons, suffering from the loss of its natural habitat. Where pine plantations replace natural forest the monkey may be treated as a threat by foresters, since it sometimes strips the bark from exotic trees in a search for food or moisture. It is also hunted for bushmeat.

Reproduction

The mating system is polygynous, and there is a corresponding sexual dimorphism in size, with the males substantially the larger sex. Females normally give birth every two years, during the onset of the warm, rainy season; gestation is around 5 months and the infants are born with fur and with their eyes open. Group sizes range from 10 to 40, containing only a single adult male. It is often found in groups with other species of monkeys such as the Red-tailed Monkey and various red colobus monkeys. [Ghiglieri, Michael. "East of the Mountains of the Moon: Chimpanzee Society in the African Rain Forest," The Free Press, 1988, pg. 238.]

References