Sharpshooter (insect)

Taxobox
name = Sharpshooter


image_size = 300px
image_caption = Sharpshooter (Cicadellidae)
regnum = Animalia
phylum = Arthropoda
classis = Insecta
ordo = Hemiptera
familia = Cicadellidae
subfamilia = Cicadellinae
tribus = Proconiini
subdivision_ranks = Genera
subdivision = "Homalodisca"
"Oncometopia"
"Phera"
etc.

The name sharpshooter is used to refer to any of various genera and species of large leafhoppers in the tribe Proconiini of the family Cicadellidae. As with all cicadellids, they have piercing-sucking mouthparts and closely-spaced rows of fine spines on their hind legs. The nymphs feed by inserting their needle-like mouthparts into the xylem of the small stems on the plant where the eggs were deposited; the adults have wings and are highly mobile, and most feed on a variety of different plant species. Both nymphs and adults filter a huge volume of dilute liquid through their digestive system to extract the trace nutrients, and much of the water and carbohydrates are squirted forcibly away from the body in a fine stream of droplets, thus earning them their common name.

This group includes a few species which are plant pests, the most serious of which is "Homalodisca vitripennis" (the "Glassy-winged sharpshooter"). A microbial plant parasite, "Xylella fastidiosa", is carried by this species, and is linked to many plant diseases, including phoney peach disease in the southern United States, oleander leaf scorch and Pierce's disease in California, and citrus X disease in Brazil.

External Links

* [http://creatures.ifas.ufl.edu/fruit/sharpshooters/sharpshooters.htm sharpshooters] on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site
* [http://creatures.ifas.ufl.edu/fruit/glassywinged_sharpshooter.htm "Homalodisca coagulata ", glassy-winged sharpshooter] on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site