Gastrotrich

Taxobox
name = Gastrotrichs

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image_width = 250px
image_caption = Darkfield photograph of a gastrotrich.
regnum = Animalia
subregnum = Eumetazoa
unranked_phylum = Bilateria
superphylum = Platyzoa
phylum = Gastrotricha
phylum_authority = Metschnikoff, 1864
subdivision_ranks = Orders
subdivision =
Macrodasyida
ChaetonotidaThe gastrotrichs (from Greek γαστερ, "gaster" "stomach" and θριξ, "thrix" "hair") are a phylum of microscopic (0.06-3.0 mm) animals abundant in fresh water and marine environments. Most fresh water species are part of the periphyton and benthos. Marine species are found mostly interstitially in between sediment particles. They are bilaterally symmetric, with a complete gut. They demonstrate eutely, with development proceeding to a particular number of cells, and further growth coming only from an increase in cell size. The body is covered with cilia, especially about the mouth and on the ventral surface, and has two terminal projections with cement glands that serve in adhesion. This is a double-gland system where one gland secretes the glue and another secretes a de-adhesive to sever the connection. Like many microscopic animals, their locomotion is primarily powered by hydrostatics, and they reproduce entirely by parthenogenesis. Originally they were thought to have a body cavity (pseudocoel), but this was an artifact created by preservation methods, and they are now known to be acoelomate. Their relationship to other phyla is unclear. Morphology suggests that they are close to the Gnathostomulida, the Rotifera, or the Nematoda. On the other hand genetic studies place them as close relatives of the Platyhelminthes, the Ecdysozoa or the Lophotrochozoa. About 700 species have been described. The average life span of a gastrotrich is very short - about three days.

References

* [http://www.gastrotricha.unimore.it/overview.htm University of Modena and Reggio Emilia: Gastrotricha World Portal - Overview] - URL retrieved December 3, 2006

External links

* [http://www.eol.org/taxa/16100419 Gastrotrichs in "EOL"]