Castalius ananda

Taxobox
name = Dark Pierrot


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regnum = Animalia
phylum = Arthropoda
classis = Insecta
ordo = Lepidoptera
superfamilia = Papilionoidea
familia = Lycaenidae
genus = "Castalius"
species = "C. ananda"
binomial = "Castalius ananda"
binomial_authority = De Nicéville 1884The Dark Pierrot ("Castalius ananda")Marrku Savela's Website on Lepidoptera [http://www.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/lycaenidae/polyommatinae/castalius/index.html|Page on "Caleta" genus.] ] [http://internt.nhm.ac.uk/jdsml/research-curation/projects/lepindex/detail.dsml?TaxonNo=202009.0&UserID=&UserName=&&listPageURL=list%2edsml%3fsort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dananda%26recLimit%3d30&searchPageURL=index%2edsml%3fSCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcardqtype%3dstarts%2bwith%26sort%3dSCIENTIFIC%255fNAME%255fon%255fcard%26SCIENTIFIC%5fNAME%5fon%5fcard%3dananda%26recLimit%3d30 Card for "Castalius ananda" in LepIndex. Accessed 28 Jun 2007.] ] is a small butterfly found in India that belongs to the Lycaenids or Blues family.

Taxonomy

The butterfly was originally classified as "Tarucus ananda" (de Nicéville, [1884] ).Evans,W.H.(1932) The Identification of Indian Butterflies, ser no H12.1, pp 215] It has been reclassified as "Castalius ananda" vide LepIndex of the Natural History Museum, London. [_ Card for "Castalius ananda" in LepIndex. Accessed 16 Jun 2007.] ] However, in Marrku Savela's site on biodiversity of Funet.fi, it has been classified as "Tarucus ananda".Marrku Savela's Website on Lepidoptera [http://www.funet.fi/pub/sci/bio/life/insecta/lepidoptera/ditrysia/papilionoidea/lycaenidae/polyommatinae/tarucus/index.html|Page on "Tarucus" genus.] ]

Distribution

Peninsular and South India; Sikkim, Assam and Khasi Hills onto Myanmar and Dawnas; Orissa. In Southern India the butterfly occurs in Kanara, Nilgiris and Anaimalai Hills. Possibly Thailand.

tatus

Not Rare.

Description

:"For a key to the terms used see Lepidopteran glossary"

Male

Upperside: dark purple, sometimes fuliginous, sometimes bright and shining. Fore and hind wings: terminal margins edged with fuscous brownish-black and an anticiliary jet-black line; cilia brown ; tail black tipped with white. Underside: more or less dingy white. Fore wing: a broad oblique brownish-black band from base to just before the middle of the eosta; from the latter a dark brownish-black bar proceeds vertically down to middle of interspace 3, on the inner side of this and touching it in the middle is a large brownish-black irregular spot that extends posteriorly to vein 1 ; beyond this a broad discal trausverse brownish-black band twice interrupted, the posterior portion slightly narrowed below is shifted obliquely inwards and ends on vein 1 ; this is followed by a postdiscal transverse series of brownish-black spots that anteriorly nearly coalesces with the discal band, a transverse subterminal line of similar but smaller spots and a well-marked anticiliary black line. Hind wing: a basal short, brownish-black, anteriorly attenuate bar placed obliquely, a transverse subbasal band of four large coalescent black spots, a transverse curved discal band twice broken as on the fore wing and similar postdiscal subterminal and terminal markings. Antennae black, shafts ringed with white, head, thorax and abdomen dark brownish-black; beneath : the palpi black, thorax and abdomen down the middle white.Bingham, C. T. 1907. Fauna of British India. Butterflies. Volume 2]

Female

Upperside : fuscous black. Fore and hind wings: in most specimens the markings of the underside show (sometimes very conspicuously) through. Underside: as in the male. Antenna, head, thorax and abdomen similar to those of the male.

Larva

"Like that of "Castalius ananda" feeds only on the parenchyma of the leaf .... It is of the usual woodlouse form, slightly flattened head concealed in the second segment; surface more or less rough; a fringe of long white bristles all round with an erected ridge of similar bristles along the back from the second segment; those on the 3rd and 7th segments and the last two much longer than the others; those on the 2nd segment very few, short and black. It has a conspicuous gland on the 12th segment, and is attended by small species of ants of the genus "Crematogaster". Its colour is pale green, the dorsal portion of the 2nd, 4th, 5th, 6th and last two segments being dark brown, while the centre segments are almost yellow with a darker dorsal line. We found it feeding on "Zizyphus xylopyrus" and also on "Loranthus", where it was attended by "Crematogaster" ants."

Pupa

"Of the usual "Castalius" form but narrow and slightly flattened. It is intensely glossy as if covered with gum. It varies in colour, being sometimes black, at others green with inconstant black markings." (Davidson, Bell & Aitken)

Foodplants

Larva feed on "Loranthus" and "Zizyphus".

Ant association

Castalius ananda is associated with "Crematogaster".

Cited references

ee also

*Lycaenidae
*List of butterflies of India
*List of butterflies of India (Lycaenidae)