- Fannie Fern Andrews
Fannie Fern Andrews (Phillips) (1867–1950) was an American
lecturer ,teacher ,social worker , andwriter .Andrews was born at
Margaretville, N. S. , and educated at the Salem (Mass.) Normal School. She taught for six years before receiving a degree inpsychology andeducation fromRadcliffe College in 1902. She also attended Harvard Summer School.Through her work in the public schools in
Boston , she became convinced that differingethnic andeconomic backgrounds spurred conflict, and that each must be taught to understand the other in order to communicate and negotiate on peaceful terms.In 1908, Andrews founded the
American Peace League . This organization sought peace by teaching the principles of 'international justice' in American schools. She envisioned an international bureau of education, which would promote understanding among all nations. WhenWorld War I broke out, Andrews changed the name of her organization from the "American Peace League " to the "American School Citizenship League " in 1918.In 1918, after being selected by President
Woodrow Wilson , Andrews attended the Paris Peace Conference. She unsuccessfully lobbied for theLeague of Nations to include a provision for her dream of the international bureau ofeducation . The reasoning was there was too much diversity in thecultures of the different countries to have a standardcurriculum that would work for all.She was known as a
lecturer oneducation inEurope and America, as secretary and organizer of theAmerican School Citizenship League , and as a member of the advisory council of theInstitute of International Education and theInternational Peace Bureau (Berne,Switzerland ), etc. She was also adelegate to theInternational Conference on Education in 1914 and represented the United States Bureau of Education atParis during the Peace Conference.Andrews was an
advocate of the ideal of peace education, and promoted action at an official level to obtaincurriculam changes. Today's Civil Education classes are a result of the efforts she and others made.Her works include:
* "The United States and the World" (1918)
* "The World Family" (1918)
* "The War - What Should Be Said about it in the Schools?" (Boston, 1914)
* "Central Organization for a Durable Peace" (Boston, 1916)
* "Freedom of the Seas" (The Hague, 1917)
* "A Course in Citizenship and Patriotism" (:Houghton Mifflin, 1918) [cite book
title=A Course in Citizenship and Patriotism
author=Ella Lyman Cabot, Fannie Fern Andrews, Fanny E. Coe
year=1918
publisher=Houghton Mifflin company
isbn=
url=http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&id=FRsEAAAAYAAJ&dq=fanny+fern+andrews&printsec=frontcover&source=web&ots=BzluBaIQdz&sig=qD3_v7WUY3qto9QrKYHJ0vWtxoc#PPR2,M1]
* "A Course in Foreign Relations", prepared for the Army Education Commission (Paris, 1919)*
References
External links
[http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:RAD.SCHL:sch00427 Fannie Fern Andrews Papers.] [http://www.radcliffe.edu/schles Schlesinger Library,] Radcliffe Institute, Harvard University.
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