Holt-Oram syndrome

Holt-Oram syndrome

Infobox_Disease
Name = PAGENAME


Caption =
DiseasesDB = 5988
ICD10 = ICD10|Q|87|2|q|80
ICD9 =
ICDO =
OMIM = 142900
MedlinePlus =
eMedicineSubj = med
eMedicineTopic = 2940
eMedicine_mult = eMedicine2|ped|1021 | MeshID =

Holt-Oram syndrome is a disorder that affects bones in the arms and hands (the upper limbs) and may also cause heart problems.

Presentation

All people with this disorder have at least one limb abnormality that affects bones in the wrist (carpal bones). Often, these wrist bone abnormalities can be detected only by X-ray. Affected individuals may have additional bone abnormalities that can include a missing thumb or a thumb that looks like a finger, partial or complete absence of bones in the forearm, an underdeveloped bone of the upper arm, and abnormalities that affect the collar bone and shoulder blades. Bone abnormalities may affect each arm differently, and the left side can be affected more than the right side. In some cases, only one arm and/or hand is affected.

About 75 percent of individuals with Holt-Oram syndrome have heart problems. The most common problem is a defect in the muscular wall, or septum, that separates the right and left sides of the heart. Atrial septal defects (ASD) are caused by a hole in the septum between the left and right upper chambers of the heart (atria), and ventricular septal defects (VSD) are caused by a hole in the septum between the left and right lower chambers of the heart (ventricles). Sometimes people with Holt-Oram syndrome have cardiac conduction disease, which is caused by abnormalities in the electrical system that coordinates contractions of the heart chambers. Cardiac conduction disease can lead to problems such as a slow heart rate (bradycardia) or a rapid and ineffective contraction of the heart muscles (fibrillation). Cardiac conduction disease can occur along with other heart defects (such as septal defects) or as the only heart problem in people with Holt-Oram syndrome.

Genetics

Mutations in the "TBX5" gene cause Holt-Oram syndrome.cite journal |author=Li QY, Newbury-Ecob RA, Terrett JA, "et al" |title=Holt-Oram syndrome is caused by mutations in TBX5, a member of the Brachyury (T) gene family |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=21–9 |year=1997 |month=January |pmid=8988164 |doi=10.1038/ng0197-21 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0197-21] cite journal |author=Basson CT, Bachinsky DR, Lin RC, "et al" |title=Mutations in human TBX5 [corrected] cause limb and cardiac malformation in Holt-Oram syndrome |journal=Nat. Genet. |volume=15 |issue=1 |pages=30–5 |year=1997 |month=January |pmid=8988165 |doi=10.1038/ng0197-30 |url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng0197-30] The "TBX5" gene plays a role in the development of the heart and upper limbs before birth. In particular, this gene appears to be important for the process that divides the developing heart into four chambers (cardiac septation). The "TBX5" gene also appears to play a critical role in regulating the development of bones in the arm and hand. Mutations in this gene probably disrupt the development of the heart and upper limbs, leading to the characteristic features of Holt-Oram syndrome.

Holt-Oram syndrome is considered an autosomal dominant disorder. This means the defective gene is located on an autosome, and only one copy of the gene, inherited from a parent who has the disorder, is sufficient to cause the disorder.

Other cases of Holt-Oram syndrome are sporadic, and result from new mutations in the TBX5 gene that occur in people with no history of the disorder in their family. Holt-Oram syndrome is estimated to affect 1 in 100,000 individuals.

Eponym

It is named for Mary Holt and Samuel Oram. [WhoNamedIt|synd|4110] cite journal |author=HOLT M, ORAM S |title=Familial heart disease with skeletal malformations |journal=Br Heart J |volume=22 |issue= |pages=236–42 |year=1960 |month=April |pmid=14402857 |pmc=1017650 |doi= |url=http://heart.bmj.com/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=14402857]

ee also

*Absent radius

References

External links

*
* [http://health.enotes.com/genetic-disorders-encyclopedia/holt-oram-syndrome Holt-Oram syndrome: Encyclopedia of Genetic Disorders]


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Holt-Oram syndrome — Holt Oram syndrome. См. синдром Холта Орама. (Источник: «Англо русский толковый словарь генетических терминов». Арефьев В.А., Лисовенко Л.А., Москва: Изд во ВНИРО, 1995 г.) …   Молекулярная биология и генетика. Толковый словарь.

  • Holt-Oram syndrome — autosomal dominant heart disease of varying severity, usually an atrial or ventricular septal defect, in association with upper limb malformation consisting of narrow shoulders, hypoplasia of the radius, and phocomelia, most commonly absence of… …   Medical dictionary

  • Holt-Oram syndrome — (hōltґ orґəm) [Mary Clayton Holt, British cardiologist, born 1924; Samuel Oram, British cardiologist, 1913–1991] see under syndrome …   Medical dictionary

  • Syndrome de holt-oram — Décrit en 1960 [1], le syndrome de Holt Oram est l’association de malformations cardiaques de gravité variable avec des anomalies des membres supérieurs. Cette pathologie est en rapport avec une mutation du gène TBX5 localisé sur le chromosome 12 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Syndrome de Holt-Oram — Décrit en 1960[1], le syndrome de Holt Oram est l’association de malformations cardiaques de gravité variable avec des anomalies des membres supérieurs. Cette maladie est en rapport avec une mutation du gène TBX5 localisé sur le chromosome 12[2] …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Holt-Oram-Syndrom — Klassifikation nach ICD 10 Q87.2 Angeborene Fehlbildungssyndrome mit vorwiegender Beteiligung der Extremitäten Holt Oram Syndrom …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • síndrome de Holt-Oram — Eng. Holt Oram syndrome Defectos del tabique auricular y Eng. o ventricular junto con anomalías esqueléticas e hipertelorismo ocasional …   Diccionario de oftalmología

  • Syndrome de char — Le syndrome de Char est l’association d’anomalies du cinquième doigt, d’une cardiopathie congénitale à type de persistance du canal artériel et d’un visage caractéristique. Sommaire 1 Autres noms de la maladie 2 Etiologie 3 Incidence …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Syndrome de pallister-hall — Autre nom Hamartoblastome hypothalamique polydactylie Référence MIM …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Syndrome de Pallister-Hall — Référence MIM 146510 Transmission Dominante Chromosome 7p13 Gène GLI3 Empreinte parentale Non …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
… Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”